Insecticide resistance to Temephos and synthetic Pyrethroids in Culex quinquefasciatus say from sub-Himalayan West Benga

  • PDF / 374,044 Bytes
  • 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
  • 61 Downloads / 170 Views

DOWNLOAD

REPORT


ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Insecticide resistance to Temephos and synthetic Pyrethroids in Culex quinquefasciatus say from sub-Himalayan West Bengal, India Priyanka Rai 1 & Minu Bharati 1 & Dhiraj Saha 1 Received: 12 December 2019 / Accepted: 5 March 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020

Abstract Culex quinquefasciatus Say is a vector for lymphatic filariasis in human populations throughout the world. Vector control, a major strategy for eradication of filariasis mainly involves the application of chemical insecticides giving rise to resistance against insecticides. In this context, a study was conducted to find out the resistance status of Cx. quinquefasciatus populations from seven densely populated sites in Siliguri sub division, West Bengal. Larval bioassay against temephos and adult bioassay against 5% malathion, 0.05% deltamethrin and 0.05% lambdacyhalothrin was performed following the standard WHO protocol. A total of 630 larvae and 360 adults were tested from one sampling site. The activity of major insecticide detoxifying enzymes i.e., carboxylesterases and monooxygenases was also assessed through biochemical assay. The seven tested populations were found to exhibit moderate to severe resistance (27.27% - 83.33% mortality) against deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin and temephos. However, all of the seven populations were found to be completely susceptible to malathion. This study provides new information on the current status of insecticide resistance in Cx. quinquefasciatus from this area, which may be helpful to the concerned authorities to design an effective mosquito control strategy for efficient management of vector-borne diseases. Keywords Lymphatic filariasis . Deltamethrin . Lambdacyhalothrin . Metabolic enzymes . Knock down time . Malathion

Introduction Culex quinquefasciatus is the primary vector for lymphatic filariasis and a major concern to human health due to its role in transmission of the filarial nematode. Lymphatic filariasis is endemic in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the world and is more prevalent in 32 of the world’s 38 least developed countries (Utzinger et al. 2010). Approximately 15 million people with lymphatic filariasis live in Southeast Asian countries (Sudomo et al. 2010). In India, the disease is prevalent in 20 states and union territories, putting about 600 million people at the risk of infection (National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, India 2018). There are mainly four genera of mosquitoes in India that act as vector for different disease causing pathogens i.e.,

* Dhiraj Saha [email protected]; [email protected] 1

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, P.O. North Bengal University, District – Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal 734013, India

Anopheles, Aedes, Culex and Mansonia. Culex mosquito is of concern due to its role in the transmission of bancroftian/ lymphatic filariasis, St Louis encephalitis virus, West Nile virus and Japanese encephalitis (Farid et al. 2001