Integrated spatial and energy planning: a means to reach sustainable development goals
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Integrated spatial and energy planning: a means to reach sustainable development goals Gernot Stoeglehner1
© The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Climate protection targets call for a transition towards sustainable energy systems based on energy saving, more energy efficiency and renewable energy sources. The options for energy strategies are highly shaped by local and regional spatial contexts like urban, suburban or rural areas or small towns embedded in rural or suburban areas. Both energy efficiency and renewable energy potentials are determined by these spatial contexts, so taking them into consideration leads to more realistic energy strategies. Therefore, integrated spatial and energy planning is an important field of action in order to reach Sustainable Development Goal 7—clean and affordable energy. In this conceptual paper, the ideas and basic principles of integrated spatial and energy planning are introduced, and it is discussed, how this concept might help not only to reach the energy transition but might also support further sustainable development goals. The paper is based on research results gained from Austrian experiences. Keywords Spatial planning · Energy strategies · Sustainable development goals · Energy transition · Integrated spatial and energy planning · Sustainability JEL Classification R1
1 Introduction The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as agreed in the 2015 UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York set a global framework for the transition towards sustainable development. The concept is based on 17 goals with 169 targets with a time horizon 2030, as well as a list of 232 indicators to monitor the progress towards * Gernot Stoeglehner [email protected] 1
Department of Landscape, Spatial and Infrastructure Sciences, Institute of Spatial Planning, Environmental Planning and Land Rearrangement, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Evolutionary and Institutional Economics Review
achieving the SDGs. The SDG 7 calls for clean and affordable energy. Looking at the specific targets until 2030, (1) universal access to clean, affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy services shall be granted to all people, (2) the share of renewable energy shall be substantially increased on a global scale, (3) the global rate of energy efficiency improvements shall be doubled, (4) investments in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology shall be promoted, and (5) energy infrastructure shall be modernized, inter alia, to provide sustainable energy services in developing countries (United Nations n.y.). To fulfill the targets of the Paris Agreement, the use of fossil energy sources should be severely reduced or stopped by 2050 especially in industrialized countries (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2018). Therefore, the European Union defined a roadmap for the energy transition to reach a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of around 90% till 2050 (European Commission 201
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