Intelligent Counting Under Information Imprecision Applications to I
Counting belongs to the most elementary and frequent mental activities of human beings. Its results are a basis for coming to a decision in a lot of situations and dimensions of our life. This book presents a novel approach to the advanced and sophisticat
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Maciej Wygralak
Intelligent Counting under Information Imprecision Applications to Intelligent Systems and Decision Support
Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing Editor-in-Chief Prof. Janusz Kacprzyk Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Newelska 6 01-447 Warsaw Poland E-mail: [email protected]
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/2941
292
Maciej Wygralak
Intelligent Counting under Information Imprecision Applications to Intelligent Systems and Decision Support
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Maciej Wygralak, Assoc. Prof. Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Adam Mickiewicz University Umultowska 87 61-614 Pozna´n Poland E-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 1434-9922 ISBN 978-3-642-34684-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-34685-9
ISSN 1860-0808 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-642-34685-9 (eBook)
Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013937947 c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To my four ladies: Renata, Karolina, Agata, and Alicja
Preface
This monograph begins with a presentation of the concept of and selected issues in fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic, interval-valued fuzzy sets, and I-fuzzy sets - Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy sets. However, that study
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