Intelligent Optimization of Wastewater Collection Networks
Design of a wastewater collection network is consisting of (1) generating the network’s layout and (2) sizing its hydraulic components. These two sub-problems are nonlinear and discrete in nature and include many complex constraints from hydraulics, techn
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Intelligent Optimization of Wastewater Collection Networks Ali Haghighi
Abstract Design of a wastewater collection network is consisting of (1) generating the network’s layout and (2) sizing its hydraulic components. These two sub-problems are nonlinear and discrete in nature and include many complex constraints from hydraulics, technical criteria and regional limitations. This chapter introduces a comprehensive sewer design model possible to be coupled to a variety of intelligent optimization models. For this purpose, two self-adaptive design algorithms are developed for generating the layout and sizing of sewers. Through these algorithms, all constraints of the problem are systematically met and hence, there is no need for any constraint handling strategy into the applied optimization solvers. For optimum design of the network four metaheuristic methods of Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulate Annealing (SA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Tabu Search (TS) are introduced.
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Introduction
Wastewater collection networks are of the most important infrastructure of any modern city; they directly influence public health and are essential for environmental protection. Annually, governments spend a lot of money on development and operation of sewer systems, especially for those in flat areas. However, the affiliated costs and operational problems could be somewhat managed and optimized during the design process. In this regard, the development and application of optimization models to design of sewer networks is quite helpful. Through the optimization, it would be possible to gain a cost-effective design while all hydraulic and technical constraints associated with the sewer systems are systematically met. The design of a wastewater collection network needs to solve two successive sub-problems: (1) generating the layout and (2) sizing the network’s components. A. Haghighi (&) Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran e-mail: [email protected] © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 C. Kahraman and I.U. Sarı (eds.), Intelligence Systems in Environmental Management: Theory and Applications, Intelligent Systems Reference Library 113, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42993-9_3
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The latter involves sewer diameters and installation depths, as well as the pumping facilities if required (Haghighi and Bakhshipour 2015a). These sub-problems are nonlinear and discrete in nature and include many complex constraints coming from the hydraulics principles, technical criteria, and regional limitations. In general, three approaches may be used to solve the aforementioned problems: 1. Full enumeration, in which all layout alternatives first are generated and then are hydraulically designed. The best of the existing designs is finally chosen (Pereira 1988; Diogo and Graveto 2006). This approach is very promising to reach the global optimum; however, it is practical only for small networks. 2. A separate design, in which the layout is designed man
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