Intelligent Sliding Mode Adaptive Controller Design for Wind Turbine Pitch Control System Using PSO-SVM in Presence of D
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Intelligent Sliding Mode Adaptive Controller Design for Wind Turbine Pitch Control System Using PSO-SVM in Presence of Disturbance Mehrnoosh Kamarzarrin1 · Mohammad Hossein Refan1 Received: 3 May 2019 / Revised: 22 December 2019 / Accepted: 12 March 2020 © Brazilian Society for Automatics--SBA 2020
Abstract Today, the generated electrical energy using renewable energy is rapidly growing all over the world. The speed and direction of the wind are fundamental parameters affecting on power production of wind turbine that is constantly changing. One of the methods for controlling wind turbine power is changing the angle of the blades. In this paper, an adaptive control method has been used to control the wind turbine pitch angle. The proposed method is based on sliding mode control, whose coefficients have been calculated using the particle swarm optimization–support vector machine method. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, it has been compared with the Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC) in the operating under disturbance. The results show that the proposed controller has a better performance than that of the MRAC in the presence of disturbance. Simulations show that the produced power at different wind velocities has reached its optimum value faster. Keywords Wind turbine modeling · MRAC · Sliding mode · PSO–SVM · Tracking error
1 Introduction In recent decades, power generation from wind energy has grown vastly as compared to other renewable energy sources. Power generation at high wind speeds (at an intensity exceeding 25 m/s) causes damage to the turbine structure. In order to confront with the mechanical forces on the tower and the nacelle, the wind turbine pitch angle adjustment strategy is used. The structure of the wind turbine pitch is as shown in Fig. 1 (Geng and Yang 2014). Adjusting the angle of the pitch causes the torque and rotor speed remains at nominal value as wind speed increases. Power generation varies at different wind speeds (Arnaltes et al. 2018; Shen et al. 2018; Xibo and Yongdong 2014; Yin et al. 2017). Wind power is divided into four regions in order to produce power from wind energy. Wind turbine pitch control is used in the third operating region of the wind speed (constant power zone). In this area, by increasing the wind speed, the pitch controller is actuated and prevented from increasing the power. The production power is kept in nominal value (Arnaltes et al. 2018;
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Mohammad Hossein Refan [email protected] Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
Liu et al. 2017; Shen et al. 2018; Xibo and Yongdong 2014; Yin et al. 2017). Control systems play an important role in improving the performance of energy conversion systems. A large study has been done to control the pitch angle of the wind turbines by using different controllers. For example, classical controllers are evaluated in (Akhmatov 2003; Refan et al. 2016a). The important matter about classical controllers is that they do not consider wind an
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