Interaction Between Mineral Phases in a Hematite Iron Ore and Fluxing Materials During Sintering
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ON ore sintering has developed to enable the incorporation of a wide variety of iron ores, i.e., outside traditional hard hematite ores. These ores have mineralogies that may be relatively simple, but the textures are often complex and can negatively influence the performance of ironmaking processes.[1–3] Hematite ores may be classified into two main types: microplaty hematite and hematite-goethite.[4] In this investigation, two different hematite ores, Ore A and Ore B, were studied. Ore A is martite-microplaty hematite, while Ore B consists
HUIBIN LI, PAUL ZULLI, RAYMOND J. LONGBOTTOM, BRIAN J. MONAGHAN, and GUANGQING ZHANG are with the ARC Research Hub for Australian Steel Manufacturing, School of Mechanical, Materials Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. Contact e-mail: [email protected] DAVID J. PINSON and SHENG J. CHEW are with BlueScope Steel, Port Kembla, NSW 2505, Australia. LIMING LU is with the CSIRO Queensland Center for Advanced Technologies, Brisbane, QLD 4069, Australia. Manuscript submitted April 3, 2020; accepted October 14, 2020.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
of a stratiform distribution of martite and goethite.[4,5] While the characteristics of these hematite ores have been previously described,[4] no information on the evolution of new mineral phases from the interaction between the mineral phases of iron ores and fluxing materials such as CaO under sintering conditions has been reported in the literature. Normally, prior to a new blend being used in the sinter plant, bench- or pilot-scale sintering tests are undertaken.[6–8] For bench-scale experiments, one technique involves ores and fluxes ground into powder, mixed together according to an industrial recipe and pressed into tablets. These tablets are then placed into a furnace at fixed temperature and atmosphere.[9–14] While accurate control of temperature and atmosphere is achieved in these experiments, a disadvantage is that the effects of particle size and heterogeneity of the blend are neglected. For pilot-scale experiments, the industrial sintering process can be simulated reasonably well. However, both bench- and pilot-scale techniques focus on the properties of the final sinter product, and the interaction of ore mineral phases with fluxing materials is not directly considered.
In this study, a novel experimental design was used wherein cubes of iron ore were surrounded by a fluxing material and pressed into tablets. These were sintered and the reaction interfaces examined in detail. The experiments using ore-flux couples allow better understanding of the interaction between individual mineral phases and fluxes under controlled conditions. This investigation fills a knowledge gap concerning the interaction between the mineral phases of representative hematite ores and flux materials (CaO, MgO, Al2O3, and SiO2). A better understanding of the behavior of ore mineral phases is developed, which is helpful for the overall improvement of blending and sinter plant operations
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