Interaction of Blood Manganese Concentrations with GSTT1 in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jamaican Children
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Interaction of Blood Manganese Concentrations with GSTT1 in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jamaican Children Mohammad H. Rahbar1,2,3 · Maureen Samms‑Vaughan4 · Sepideh Saroukhani1,3 · MinJae Lee5,6 · Jing Zhang3,7 · Jan Bressler1,8 · Manouchehr Hessabi3 · Sydonnie Shakespeare‑Pellington4 · Megan L. Grove1,8 · Katherine A. Loveland9
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Using data from 266 age- and sex-matched pairs of Jamaican children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) controls (2–8 years), we investigated whether glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) modifies the association between blood manganese concentrations (BMC) and ASD. After adjusting conditional logistic regression models for socioeconomic status and the interaction between GSTT1 and GSTP1 (glutathione S-transferase pi 1), using a recessive genetic model for GSTT1 and either a co-dominant or dominant model for GSTP1, the interaction between GSTT1 and BMC was significant (P = 0.02, P = 0.01, respectively). Compared to controls, ASD cases with GSTT1-DD genotype had 4.33 and 4.34 times higher odds of BMC > 12 vs. ≤ 8.3 μg/L, respectively. Replication in other populations is warranted. Keywords Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) · Blood manganese concentrations (BMC) · Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes · Conditional logistic regression (CLR) · Interaction · Jamaica * Mohammad H. Rahbar [email protected] Maureen Samms‑Vaughan [email protected]
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, 6410 Fannin Street, UT Professional Building, Suite 1100.05, Houston 77030, TX, USA 3
MinJae Lee [email protected]
Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6410 Fannin Street, UT Professional Building, Suite 1100.05, Houston, TX 77030, USA
4
Jing Zhang [email protected]
Department of Child & Adolescent Health, The University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
5
Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
6
Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
7
Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
8
Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
9
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
Sepideh Saroukhani [email protected]
Jan Bressler [email protected] Manouchehr Hessabi [email protected] Sydonnie Shakespeare‑Pellington sydonniesp@gm
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