Interactive WebVR visualization for online fire evacuation training
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Interactive WebVR visualization for online fire evacuation training Fengting Yan 1 & Yonghao Hu 2 & Jinyuan Jia 2 & Zihao Ai 3 & Kai Tang 4 & Zhicai Shi 1,5 & Xiang Liu 1 Received: 21 June 2019 / Revised: 1 February 2020 / Accepted: 18 March 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Online training is necessary for public fire escaping with the development of WebVR (Virtual Realization on Web). However, the online real-time fire training could not implemented in WebVR for the large-scale public scenario because of the huge size of VR fire scenario data, the low network transmission speed, and the slowly rendering ability of Web browser. To solve these bottlenecks, we propose a suite of solution for WebVR online fire training. Firstly, we implement a series of lightweight technologies to compress the large-scale scene data. The huge BIM (Building Information Modeling) volume data could be compressed by as much as 10 times. Then, we propose a kind of FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator) smoking data lightweight mechanism to compress huge volume smoke data, which can be reduced by as much as 30 times. Thirdly, we adopt the multithread loading mechanism to accelerate WebVR fire scenario lightweight data. Finally, we collect the escape traces from history fire evacuation of the public, who wear the VR devices. Based on the valuable traces, we propose the TC-eACO algorithm to plan crowd optimal evacuation paths. At the same time, we implement a prototype system based on TC-eACO for WebVR fire evacuation training, with which the user just needs to surf the internet and take part in the fire evacuation training. The experimental results demonstrate that the solutions we proposed are feasible for online fire evacuation training not only in subway stations but also in other types of buildings. Keywords Fire evacuation . WebVR . BIM lightweight . Smoke lightweight . TC-eACO algorithm
* Fengting Yan [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Multimedia Tools and Applications
1 Introduction Every year, a large number of casualties are caused by fires in public places [10]. In 2003, a terrible fire disaster took place at Korean metro station, and in this tragedy 198 passengers lost their lives, 298 were missing, and 146 were injured. Ten years later, another fire broke out in Moscow metro station, Russia. However, this time, only 11 passengers were injured, because many of them had practiced several times about how to escape through the fire evacuation training. These examples definitely demonstrate that it is necessary for the general public to provide fire evacuation training. Obviously, the fire experiment will probably cause casualties and it is difficult to operate such kind of experiment. As a result, WebVR method is recognized as an effective, safe and popular training method [14]. Many researchers have conducted experiments concerning how to use WebVR to provide fire evacuation [33]. However, there are three major challenges for pro
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