Intraoperative ultrasound: technique and clinical experience in robotic-assisted renal partial nephrectomy for endophyti
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UROLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Intraoperative ultrasound: technique and clinical experience in robotic‑assisted renal partial nephrectomy for endophytic renal tumors Yifan Sun1 · Wei Wang1 · Qing Zhang1 · Xiaozhi Zhao1 · Linfeng Xu1 · Hongqian Guo1 Received: 12 July 2020 / Accepted: 21 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Objectives Surgical removal of completely endophytic renal tumors has presented great technical difficulties for surgeons. In this study, we aim to introduce the role and use of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) performed in robotic-assisted renal partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for endophytic renal tumors. Methods We retrospectively assessed the demographics data and surgical outcomes of 58 consecutive endophytic renal tumor patients who were all attributed 3 points for the ‘E’ domain of the RENAL nephrometry score or 3 points for the exophytic rate of the PADUA score between October 2016 and September 2018. 38 patients who had undergone RAPN with IOUS were grouped. RAPN was carried out in another 20 patients without IOUS and these 20 patients were also grouped. Results Patients in IOUS-guided group had significantly lower estimated blood loss (P
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