Intrinsic Switching Field Distribution of Arrays of Ni 80 Fe 20 Nanowires Probed by In Situ Magnetic Force Microscopy
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Intrinsic Switching Field Distribution of Arrays of Ni80 Fe20 Nanowires Probed by In Situ Magnetic Force Microscopy M.R. Tabasum · F. Zighem · J. De La Torre Medina · L. Piraux · B. Nysten
Received: 2 November 2012 / Accepted: 1 December 2012 / Published online: 20 December 2012 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012
Abstract The progress of magnetization reversal of weakly packed ferromagnetic Ni80 Fe20 nanowire arrays of different diameters (40, 50, 70, and 100 nm) electrodeposited in polycarbonate membranes was studied by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). For such a low packing density of nanomagnets, the dipolar interactions between neighboring wires can be neglected. The intrinsic switching field distribution has been extracted from in situ MFM images and its width was found to be considerably smaller than for densely packed nanowire arrays. Keywords Magnetic nanowires · MFM · Switching field distribution · Magnetization reversal
1 Introduction Arrays of magnetic nanostructures, such as of nanowires (NWs), are extensively investigated due to their potential applications in magnetic storage [1] and microwave devices [2]. Among the various issues at stake for a comprehensive understanding of these arrays is the influence of long range dipolar interactions [3–10] because these interactions between NWs strongly influence the switching field distributions (SFD), which play a significant role for information
storage. Particularly, the width of the SFD is important since smaller values of this parameter leads to less recording errors and it is also a measure of the quality of the recording media [11, 12]. Consequently, understanding and evaluation of the distinct influences of interactions between NWs and intrinsic switching field distribution (SFD) in the magnetization reversal process of such arrays is critical for the development of magnetic recording media. The intrinsic SFD mostly originates from nonuniformities of the geometrical parameters such as the aspect ratio and shape of the NW tip that may affect the magnetization reversal properties. The present work aims at the determination of the magnetization reversal progress in low density two-dimensional arrays of ferromagnetic NWs of different diameters (40, 50, 70 and 100 nm) grown by electrodeposition inside low porosity (P < 1 %) polycarbonate nanoporous membranes, by using in situ magnetic force microscopy (MFM). In these arrays, the NWs are sufficiently isolated from each other to neglect the dipolar interactions between them. This helps to avoid the difficult corrections which are necessary for dense NWs arrays [7–10], leading to an easier analysis and interpretation of the MFM experiments.
2 Arrays of Nanowires and Experimental Setup M.R. Tabasum () · F. Zighem · L. Piraux · B. Nysten IMCN, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium e-mail: [email protected] J. De La Torre Medina Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexic
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