Introduction to Dutch A Practical Grammar
First edition This grammar arose from the need for a concise presentation of the essentials of the Dutch language which could be used both for independent home study and in groups or classes under formal instruction. With the former aim in mind, the expla
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Introduction to Dutch A Practical Grammar by WILLIAM Z. SHETTER
Fourth Edition
MARTINUS NIJHOFF
I
THE HAGUE
I
1974
First edition 1958 Second edition 1961 Third edition 1967 Fourth edition 1974
C 1971 by Martimu Nijhoff, TluJ Hap, N etkrwnds All righls rtsmJd, i,"luding 1M right W lran.slau or t" rtJ1rotluc' this b.,.,J: or paris tkrlOf in a'!J form ISBN 978· 94· 011· 8495. J ISBN 978· 94· 0/1 · 9114·8 ( 6Book) DOIIO./OO i I978· 94· 011· 9l}4-8
Preface First edition This grammar arose from the need for a concise presentation of the essentials of the Dutch language which could be used both for independent home study and in groups or classes under formal instruction. With the former aim in mind, the explanations have been made as self-explanatory as possible, and a complete key to the exercises has been provided in an appendix. In the interest of simplicity and ease of reference and review, each grammatical topic is discussed as fully as practicable in one place, and an effort has been made to include only one major grammatical feature in any one chapter. But since a solid foundation can more effectively be achieved through study under trained supervision or with a native speaker of the language, the presentation has also been made adaptable to this type of study. The brief fill-in exercises in each lesson provide a model for any amount of drill, and the dialogues and readings included at irregular intervals as well as the review selections placed after every few chapters can provide the necessary added practice in supervised instruction. Help should in any case be sought with the pronunciation, the principal stumbling-block in the way of either independent or supervised study. Although the present grammar was originally planned and written for the use of Americans residing in the Netherlands as holders of grants - it was written on a grant in the Netherlands in 1955-56 - it is hoped that it will prove useful to a wider circle of English-speaking persons who wish to insure themselves the greatest possible profit from a stay in the Netherlands through a study of colloquial spoken and written Dutch. v
It is a pleasure to express here my indebtedness to friends and colleagues who have made innumerable suggestions and corrections during the preparation of both the first mimeographed version and of the present grammar. My thanks go especially to Dr. J. J. van Dullemen of the U.S. Educational Foundation, who first suggested the work and who has been responsible for seeing it through to its present form, and to Miss A. Huijsinga, Litt. dra., Lecturer in Dutch, University of London, whose critical eye and years of experience in teaching the language have been invaluable in enhancing clarity of presentation and insuring idiomatic Dutch.
Madison, Wisconsin September, I957 Fourth edition At the time the preface to the first edition was written some seventeen years ago, it was difficult to find any formal instruction in Dutch, and the quantity and level of learning materials was about equally modest. Today the lang
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