Introduction to Engineering Statistics and Lean Sigma Statistical Qu

Lean production, has long been regarded as critical to business success in many industries. Over the last ten years, instruction in six sigma has been increasingly linked with learning about the elements of lean production. Introduction to Engineering Sta

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Theodore T. Allen

Introduction to Engineering Statistics and Lean Sigma Statistical Quality Control and Design of Experiments and Systems Second Edition

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Theodore T. Allen, PhD Industrial and Systems Engineering The Ohio State University 210 Baker Systems 1971 Neil Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43210-1271 USA [email protected]

ISBN 978-1-84882-999-2 e-ISBN 978-1-84996-000-7 DOI 10.1007/978-1-84996-000-7 Springer London Dordrecht Heidelberg New York British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2010923782 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010 Design-Expert is a registered trademark of Stat-Ease, Inc., 2021 E. Hennepin Avenue, Suite 480, Minneapolis, MN 55413-2726, USA, http://www.statease.com Portions of the input and output contained in this publication/book are printed with permission of Minitab Inc. All material remains the exclusive property and copyright of Minitab Inc. All rights reserved. MINITAB® and all other trademarks and logos for the Company's products and services are the exclusive property of Minitab Inc. All other marks referenced remain the property of their respective owners. See minitab.com for more information. Microsoft, Encarta, MSN, Excel and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Cover design: eStudioCalamar, Figueres/Berlin Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Dedicated to my wife and to my parents

Preface

There are four main reasons why I wrote this book. First, six sigma consultants have taught us that people do not need to be statistical experts to gain benefits from applying methods under such headings as “statistical quality control” (SQC) and “design of experiments” (DOE). Some college-level books intertwine the methods and the theory, potentially giving the mistaken impression that all the theory has to be understood to use the methods. As far as possible, I h