Inverse anisotropic catalysis in holographic QCD
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Springer
Received: February 9, 2019 Accepted: April 2, 2019 Published: April 9, 2019
Inverse anisotropic catalysis in holographic QCD
a
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, 3584 CE Utrecht, The Netherlands b Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We investigate the effects of anisotropy on the chiral condensate in a holographic model of QCD with a fully backreacted quark sector at vanishing chemical potential. The high temperature deconfined phase is therefore a neutral and anisotropic plasma showing different pressure gradients along different spatial directions, similar to the state produced in noncentral heavy-ion collisions. We find that the chiral transition occurs at a lower temperature in the presence of anisotropy. Equivalently, we find that anisotropy acts destructively on the chiral condensate near the transition temperature. These are precisely the same footprints as the “inverse magnetic catalysis” i.e. the destruction of the condensate with increasing magnetic field observed earlier on the lattice, in effective field theory models and in holography. Based on our findings we suggest, in accordance with the conjecture of [1], that the cause for the inverse magnetic catalysis may be the anisotropy caused by the presence of the magnetic field instead of the charge dynamics created by it. We conclude that the weakening of the chiral condensate due to anisotropy is more general than that due to a magnetic field and we coin the former “inverse anisotropic catalysis”. Finally, we observe that any amount of anisotropy changes the IR physics substantially: the geometry is AdS4 × R up to small corrections, confinement is present only up to a certain scale, and the particles acquire finite widths. Keywords: Gauge-gravity correspondence, Holography and quark-gluon plasmas, Phase Diagram of QCD ArXiv ePrint: 1811.11724
c The Authors. Open Access, Article funded by SCOAP3 .
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2019)071
JHEP04(2019)071
Umut G¨ ursoy,a Matti J¨ arvinen,a Govert Nijsa and Juan F. Pedrazab
Contents 1 Introduction
1
2 Holographic setup
5 8 8 9 11 12
4 Thermodynamics 4.1 Anisotropic susceptibility
14 18
5 Observables 5.1 Chiral condensate and inverse anisotropic catalysis 5.2 Particle spectra 5.3 Quark-antiquark potential 5.4 Entanglement entropy
19 19 22 23 26
6 Conclusions and outlook
29
A Tachyon IR asymptotics
32
B Holographic renormalization
33
C Fluctuation equations C.1 Flavor nonsinglet mesons C.2 Helicity one glueballs
34 34 34
1
Introduction
Understanding all corners of the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is a major focus of current research. Besides theoretical curiosity, studying QCD matter in extreme conditions is crucial in many physical situations ranging from the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments at RHIC and LHC, to the core of
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