Inverse distance weighting method optimization in the process of digital terrain model creation based on data collected
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Inverse distance weighting method optimization in the process of digital terrain model creation based on data collected from a multibeam echosounder Wojciech Maleika 1 Received: 19 December 2019 / Accepted: 31 March 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract This paper presents the optimization of the inverse distance weighting method (IDW) in the process of creating a digital terrain model (DTM) of the seabed based on bathymetric data collected using a multibeam echosounder (MBES). There are many different methods for processing irregular measurement data into a grid-based DTM, and the most popular of these methods are inverse distance weighting (IDW), nearest neighbour (NN), moving average (MA) and kriging (K). Kriging is often considered one of the best methods in interpolation of heterogeneous spatial data, but its use is burdened by a significantly long calculation time. In contrast, the MA method is the fastest, but the calculated models are less accurate. Between them is the IDW method, which gives satisfactory accuracy with a reasonable calculation time. In this study, the author optimized the IDW method used in the process of creating a DTM seabed based on measurement points from MBES. The goal of this optimization was to significantly accelerate the calculations, with a possible additional increase in the accuracy of the created model. Several variants of IDW methods were analysed (dependent on the search radius, number of points in the interpolation, power of the interpolation and applied smoothing method). Finally, the author proposed an optimization of the IDW method, which uses a new technique of choosing the nearest points during the interpolation process (named the growing radius). The experiments presented in the paper and the results obtained show the true potential of the IDW optimized method in the case of DTM estimation. Keywords Inverse distance weighting interpolation . IDW . DTM creation . MBES . GIS systems
Introduction Creating a seabed DTM Research on seabeds is the most common and important task conducted by hydrographic institutions, and the created models are the basic information repository for further analysis and visualization. Users of GIS systems, including those containing bathymetric data, demand reliable, accurate and up-to-date data and place high demands on the dynamics of data processing, visualization and analysis in real time. To create a seabed digital terrain model (DTM), it is first necessary to take marine measurements. Modern measuring * Wojciech Maleika [email protected] 1
Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Zolnierska 49, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
systems with devices that enable the recording of observation results in a continuous manner (e.g. multibeam echosounders— MBESs) can obtain a very large amount of information about the shape of the seabed in a relatively short time. These systems record the location and depth (spatial coordinates x, y, z) of many millions of points duri
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