Investigating real-time social interaction in pairs of adolescents with the Perceptual Crossing Experiment
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Investigating real-time social interaction in pairs of adolescents with the Perceptual Crossing Experiment Karlijn S. F. M. Hermans 1 & Zuzana Kasanova 1 & Leonardo Zapata-Fonseca 2,3,4 & Ginette Lafit 1,5 & Ruben Fossion 3,7 & Tom Froese 3,6,8 & Inez Myin-Germeys 1
# The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2020
Abstract The study of real-time social interaction provides ecologically valid insight into social behavior. The objective of the current research is to experimentally assess real-time social contingency detection in an adolescent population, using a shortened version of the Perceptual Crossing Experiment (PCE). Pairs of 148 adolescents aged between 12 and 19 were instructed to find each other in a virtual environment interspersed with other objects by interacting with each other using tactile feedback only. Across six rounds, participants demonstrated increasing accuracy in social contingency detection, which was associated with increasing subjective experience of the mutual interaction. Subjective experience was highest in rounds when both participants were simultaneously accurate in detecting each other’s presence. The six-round version yielded comparable social contingency detection outcome measures to a ten-round version of the task. The shortened six-round version of the PCE has therefore enabled us to extend the previous findings on social contingency detection in adults to an adolescent population, enabling implementation in prospective research designs to assess the development of social contingency detection over time. Keywords social interaction . ecological validity . social contingency detection . virtual paradigm . adolescence
Introduction Research on the dynamics of social interaction and its assessment have been dominated by studies with a key role for social cognition, focusing on cognitive processes within one individual (Blakemore & Choudhury, 2006; Brizio, Gabbatore, Tirassa, & Bosco, 2015; Hutto, Herschbach, &
Southgate, 2011). These entail for example the ability to understand others’ mental states, or “mentalizing”, studied in both normal development (Bosco, Gabbatore, & Tirassa, 2014) and psychopathology (Penn, Sanna, & Roberts, 2008). However, findings from laboratory research on social cognition have only partly been able to explain social functioning (Fett et al., 2011; Simons, Bartels-Velthuis, &
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01378-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Karlijn S. F. M. Hermans [email protected] 1
2
Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Plan of Combined Studies in Medicine (PECEM), Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
3
Center for the Sciences of Complexity (C3), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
4
Section Phenomenological Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of General Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Med
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