Investigation into the surface quality and stress corrosion cracking resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel via precisi
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Investigation into the surface quality and stress corrosion cracking resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel via precision end-milling operation Muhammad Yasir 1 & Mohd Danish 2 & Mozammel Mia 3 & Munish Kumar Gupta 4 & Murat Sarikaya 5 Received: 2 July 2020 / Accepted: 24 November 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract This study presents a two-fold investigation on precision end-milling of stainless steel (AISI 316L). First, the impact of endmilling variables (cutting speed and feed rate) on the surface quality (surface roughness, microhardness, and surface morphology) was analyzed. The best surface quality with surface roughness (Ra) 0.65 ± 0.02 μm was observed for cutting speed of 140 m/min and 0.025 mm/tooth of feed rate. Microhardness was increased with increment in cutting speed. Second, the impact of surface roughness (Ra) on the stress corrosion cracking under two different mediums, i.e., body solutions (Hank’s solution) and 1 M hydrochloric acid solution, was studied. The investigations showed that the samples with higher surface roughness values were more prone to stress corrosion cracking. Keywords Precision end-milling . Surface roughness . Stress corrosion cracking . Surface integrity
1 Introduction Austenitic stainless steel is famous for its high corrosionresistant properties, excellent mechanical strength, low thermal expansion, low cost, and good reliability [1, 2]. It is applied in chemical, aerospace, power plants, and biomedical industries for years now. It is also one of the most used materials in biomedical applications especially in the forms of implants for the human body. AISI 316L is one of those materials [3]. It is recommended as a biomaterial because the presence of low carbon content improved its corrosion resistance against chlorinated environment, similar to the human body environment which contains saline solution [4]. AISI 316L is
* Mozammel Mia [email protected] Muhammad Yasir [email protected] Mohd Danish [email protected]
often considered as a “difficult-to-machine” material. The reason behind this could be elevated “ductility”, higher “tensile strength”, and poor “thermal conductivity”. All these things collectively produce an unacceptable surface finish and also shortened the tool life due to rapid tool wear [5, 6]. Apart from that, high fracture toughness of AISI 316L increases the temperature in the primary cutting zone which deteriorates the surface finish and the ability of the chip to break. Moreover, the “built-up-edge” (BUE) generation is also significantly found at high cutting speeds which also deteriorate the surface quality which in turn increases the cutting forces during machining processes [7]. During machining, the resultant surface finish ranks first among the most demanded customer
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Pakistan
2
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial
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