Investigation of Tribological and Strength Properties of ABS/CF Fibrous Composites Formed in Fused Deposition Modeling
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stigation of Tribological and Strength Properties of ABS/CF Fibrous Composites Formed in Fused Deposition Modeling A. Prusinowskia, * and R. Kaczyńskia, ** a
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Białystok, 15-351 Poland *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] Received October 7, 2019; revised April 24, 2020; accepted April 29, 2020
Abstract—The subject of this study are tribological and strength properties of composites with matrix material in the form of thermoplastic plastics and a reinforcing material in the form of carbon fibers used in 3D printing technology—Fused Deposition Modeling. Simulation results of matrix material flow in the nozzle are presented. An analysis of the matrix material mixing process in the designed system was carried out and we developed our own conclusions. The article presents the method of forming this type of composite using a printhead at the stage of fabrication of an element. The possibility of modifying the geometrical distribution of reinforcing fibers in an element of the composite being tested by modifying the height of the layer of the applied material has been demonstrated. The relationship between the distance of subsequent carbon fiber bundles and the assumed height of the layer of applied material has been presented. Test results of abrasive wear and tensile strength of obtained materials with different percentages of reinforcing fibers are presented. Keywords: additive technologies, fused deposition modeling, fiber-filled composites, sliding friction, abrasive wear DOI: 10.3103/S106836662004011X
INTRODUCTION A variety of available 3D printing technologies and consumables allow for a continuous development of additive technologies and discovery of new applications [1]. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the widespread additive technologies. The consumables employed in FDM usually represent a thermoplastic polymer in the form of a wire with a specific diameter [2]. Development of FDM towards fiberfilled, that is, fiber-reinforced polymer composites as consumables should improve mechanical properties of the products. However, the wrong orientation of filler fibers, insufficient adhesion between fiber and matrix, and void formation are the main problems that need to be solved for a successful employment of reinforced composites in FDM [3]. Three main approaches to the fabrication of fiberfilled composites in FDM are used. In the first case, reinforcing fibers are added to the polymer matrix material during wire modeling and, then, they are transferred to the printhead [4]. The second approach involves continuous filling of the matrix with fiber using an instrument with two printheads [5]. The third approach involves a continuous feed of reinforcing fiber to the FDM printhead of the printer and its mix-
ing with the matrix during fusion of the layers of the fabricated product [6]. A numerical simulation was carried out for temperature distribution in the extrusion head of the FDM, which can predict the format
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