IoT as an Alternative Way to Improve the Telemedicine Methods Against COVID-19 in Vulnerable Zones
This article presents the design, construction, and implementation of an IoT system as an alternative proposal to improve the telemedicine and telediagnosis processes of isolated COVID-19 patients in remote areas or vulnerable zones of Ecuador. This proje
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and Jonnathan Berrezueta-Guzman2,3
1 Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador
[email protected] 2 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28031 Madrid, Spain
[email protected] 3 CEDIA, Cuenca 010203, Ecuador [email protected]
Abstract. This article presents the design, construction, and implementation of an IoT system as an alternative proposal to improve the telemedicine and telediagnosis processes of isolated COVID-19 patients in remote areas or vulnerable zones of Ecuador. This project has been developed to provide the aforementioned patients with more personalized care, enabling doctors to receive the real-time health status of the patient and allow an application of the necessary emergency protocols on time. At a technical level, this proposal combines the acquisition of biomedical data (Heart rate, body temperature, and oxygen saturation) through the implantation of non-invasive sensors into a bracelet, pre-data processing stage (Edge Computing) to optimize the network traffic, the creation of a LoRAWAN link to send the processed information and the development of a web and mobile application to illustrate information in real-time. The following sections show the design, construction, and implementation process of this system step by step. Additionally, the conducted experiments as well as the obtained results are shown, including a proposal for future usage. Keywords: COVID-19 · IoT · Telemedicine · LoRaWAN · Cyberphysical systems · App development
1 Introduction COVID-19 has caused serious problems such as the collapse of sanitary systems. The coronavirus pandemic has triggered economic, political, and social problems [1]. According to the latest statistics, Latin America has been drawing more general attention as the number of deaths registered by COVID-19 compared to the number of inhabitants has been noticed as being exceptional [2, 3]. Ecuador is a clear example of the strength of this virus against a poor health system or without sufficient resources to provide the necessary care to its population [4]. The relationship between the number of deaths concerning the number of inhabitants surpassed some European countries and even China. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 G. Rodriguez Morales et al. (Eds.): TICEC 2020, CCIS 1307, pp. 64–76, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62833-8_6
IoT as an Alternative Way to Improve the Telemedicine Methods
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COVID-19 has caught this South American country off guard, bringing a wave of deaths and contagion that grew fast and continues to grow [4]. The WHO fears for the social and economic well-being of Latin America and warns that the worst is yet to come [5]. During the pandemic, Ecuador was the focus of international media regarding several aspects. Most of which were related to considered mismanagement of the pandemic. This is because the health centers were unable to provide care to all those infected people who were waiting to be treated [4, 6, 7]. Among the number of infected people who increased day b
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