Is antibiotic prophylaxis necessary in mid-urethral sling surgery?
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Is antibiotic prophylaxis necessary in mid-urethral sling surgery? Rune Svenningsen 1,2,3
&
Sigurd Kulseng-Hanssen 3 & Ellen Bettina Casanova Kråkenes 4 & Hjalmar August Schiøtz 5
Received: 16 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Introduction and hypothesis Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly used when implanting a mid-urethral sling (MUS) for female stress urinary incontinence. Use of antibiotics may lead to adverse events and the development of antibiotic resistance. This study compared a variety of outcomes after MUS surgery with and without antibiotic prophylaxis using data from the national Norwegian Female Incontinence Registry. Methods Preoperative and 6–12 months postoperative subjective and objective data from 28,687 patients who received MUS surgery from 1998 through 2017 were extracted from the registry. Categorical outcomes were compared between women with or without antibiotic prophylaxis using chi-square test for independence. Primary outcome was incidence of postoperative surgical site infection (SSI). Secondary outcomes were incidence of tape exposure, de novo or persistent urgency urinary incontinence, postoperative pain > 3 months, subjective and objective cure rates, and patient satisfaction. Results Antibiotic prophylaxis was used in 9131 and not used in 19,556 patients. SSIs and prolonged postoperative pain occurred significantly more often without antibiotic prophylaxis. Subjective and objective cure rates were significantly higher and tape exposures significantly lower in women not receiving prophylactic antibiotics. There were no significant differences in other outcomes. Conclusions Antibiotic prophylaxis resulted in fewer women developing postoperative infections or prolonged postoperative pain after MUS surgery, but did not offer protection against tape exposure. The differences in cure rates were small and probably without clinical relevance. If a small increase in surgical site infections is accepted, the routine use of antibiotic prophylaxis can probably be omitted. Keywords Antibiotic prophylaxis . Mid-urethral slings
Introduction Tension-free mid-urethral slings (MUS) are frequently used in the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and are currently
* Rune Svenningsen [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, PO Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
2
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
3
The Norwegian Female Incontinence Registry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
4
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
5
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
considered the gold standard [1]. In these procedures a narrow polypropylene mesh tape is introduced through a small vaginal incision to create a tension-free support for the urethra. The MUS procedures have good subjective and objective effica
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