Is Covid-19 lockdown related to an increase of accesses for seizures in the emergency department? An observational analy
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COVID-19
Is Covid-19 lockdown related to an increase of accesses for seizures in the emergency department? An observational analysis of a paediatric cohort in the Southern Italy Federica Palladino 1 & Eugenio Merolla 2 & Marella Solimeno 2 & Maria Fulvia de Leva 3 & Selvaggia Lenta 4 & Onorina Di Mita 4 & Anna Bonadies 4 & Pasquale Striano 5,6 & Vincenzo Tipo 4 & Antonio Varone 3 Received: 23 July 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic of Covid-19 on 11 March 2020. The lockdown caused a lifestyle changes: an increase in the use of mobile media devices (MMDs), sleep and psychiatric disorders, incorrect habits regarding food and physical activities. We investigate prevalence of admission for seizures at our emergency department (ED), during Italian lockdown, comparing with that of the same period of the previous year (2019), and the relationship with some lifestyle changes. Methods In this observational study, patients (4–14 years) with seizures that accessed at our ED, during Italian lockdown, were eligible. Non-epileptic events and febrile seizures were excluded. We describe two groups: patients with new-onset seizures and not. Moreover, a questionnaire concerning use of MMDs and sleep habits was administered. Results Fifty-seven patients were included; median age 8.03 years. Considering only paediatric medical emergencies, the prevalence of accesses for seizures was 2.6% (CI 95% 0.020–0.034), while the incidence was 0.94% (CI 95% 0.006–0.0149). There was a statistically significant difference with prevalence of previous years, χ2 102.21 (p = 0.0001). We also reported a difference in daily screen time (DST) (p = 0.001) and total sleep time (TST) (p = 0.045), in all population, between period preand during lockdown. A negative correlation between DST and seizures latency (Spearman’s ρ -0.426, p = 0.038) was found. In the two groups, the results were partially overlapping. Conclusions During lockdown period, we assisted to an increase of accesses for seizures. It is conceivable that a sleep time change and/or higher MMD use could act as triggers for seizures. Keywords Seizures . Lockdown . Mobile media devices . Sleep disorder . Children . COVID-19
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04824-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Federica Palladino [email protected] 1
2
Department of Women’s and Children’s Health and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
3
Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Via Mario Fiore 6, 80129 Naples, Italy
4
Pediatric Emergency Department, Santobono-Pau
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