Iterates of Piecewise Monotone Mappings on an Interval

Piecewise monotone mappings on an interval provide simple examples of discrete dynamical systems whose behaviour can be very complicated. These notes are concerned with the properties of the iterates of such mappings. The material presented can be underst

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1347 Chris Preston

Iterates of Piecewise Monotone Mappings on an Interval

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo

Author Chris Preston FSP Mathematisierung, Universitat Bielefeld 4800 Bielefeld 1, Federal Republic of Germany

Mathematics Subject Classification (1980): 58F08, 54H20, 26A 18

ISBN 3-540-50329-3 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 0-387-50329-3 Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is only permitted under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its version of June 24, 1985, and a copyright fee must always be paid. Violations fall under the prosecution act of the German Copyright Law.

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1988 Printed in Germany Printing and binding: Druckhaus Beltz, Hemsbach/Bergstr. 2146/3140-543210

Piecewise monotone mappings on an interval provide simple examples of discrete dynamical systems whose behaviour can be very complicated. These notes are concerned with some of the properties of such mappings. It is hoped that the material presented can be understood by anyone who has had a basic course in (one-dimensional) real analysis. This account is self-contained, but it can be regarded as a sequel to Iterates of maps on an interval (Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 999). I would like to thank Lai-Sang Young, Richard Hohmann-Damaschke and JOrgen Willms for their suggestions and comments during the writing of these notes. My thanks go also to the staff of the FSP Mathematisierung at the University of "Bielefeld for technical assistance in the preparation of the text.

Bielefeld May 1987

Chris Preston

ITERATES OF PIECEWISE MONOTONE MAPPINGS ON AN INTERVAL - CONTENTS

Section 1

Introduction

.

Section 2

Piecewise monotone mappings

20

Section 3

Proof of Theorems 2.4 and 2.5

34

Section 4

Sinks and homtervals

41

Section 5

Examples of register-shifts

50

Section 6

A proof of Parry's theorem (Theorem 2.6)

57

Section 7

Reduct ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Section 8

The structure of the set D(f)

82

Section 9

Countable closed invariant sets

103

Section 10 Extensions

112

Section 11 Refinements

126

Section 12 Mappings with one turning point

135

Section 13 Some miscellaneous results from real analysis

153

References Index

•••••••••• f

.

160 163

1. INTRODUCTION Let I = [a,b]

be a closed, bounded interval and let C(I) denote the set of

continuous functions f

E

f: I

I which map the interval

C(I) we define

n > 1)

back into itself. For x, f 1(x) = f(x) and (for

fn E C(I) inductively by fO(x) n-1(x» fn(x) = f(f . fn is called the nth. iterate of f. The set of

it