Jesus' Crucifixion Beatings and the Book of Proverbs
This study takes a Christian perspective on the entire Bible, rather than simply the New Testament. David Wenkel asks: Why did Jesus have to be beaten before his death on the cross? Christian theology has largely focused on Jesus’ death but has given rela
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avid H. Wenkel
Jesus’ Crucifixion Beatings and the Book of Proverbs
David H. Wenkel Moody Bible Institute Des Plaines, USA
ISBN 978-3-319-48269-9 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-48270-5
ISBN 978-3-319-48270-5 (eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016956865 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: Pattern adapted from an Indian cotton print produced in the 19th century Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
For Noelle and Noah: May you search for wisdom as for hidden treasures (Proverbs 2:4)
CONTENTS
1 Introduction Messianism and the Book of Proverbs Allegory and Moralism Meaning and Application The Canon of Scripture Jesus and Foolishness
1 4 6 7 9 10
2 The Context of Beating the Fool Adam’s Sin as Foolishness Israel’s Sin as Foolishness The Church’s Sin as Foolishness All People’s Sin as Foolishness Summary
13 14 16 21 22 25
3 The Wisdom of Beating the Fool The Interpretation of Beating the Fool The Theme of Beating the Fool Summary
27 29 34 41
4 The Messianism of Beating the Fool The Possibility of Messianism Broad Elements of Messianism Specific Elements of Messianism Summary
43 45 50 56 62 vii
viii
CONTENTS
5 The Covenant of Beating the Fool The Covenant Relationship and the Rod of Discipline The Mosaic Covenant and the Rod of Discipline The Davidic Covenant and the Rod of Discipline Summary
65 66 69 74 76
6 The Anticipation of Beating the Fool A Fool’s Beating Predicted A Fool’s Beating Parabolized Summary
79 80 84 87
7 The Act of Beating the Fool A Fool’s Beating Explained A Fool’s Beating Sustained Summary
89 90 94 102
8 The Theology of Beating the Fool The Primacy of Substitution The Principle of Substitution The Necessity of Substitution The Wisdom of Subst
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