Kinematic Viscosity Prediction of Nanolubricants Employed in Heavy Earth Moving Machinery Using Machine Learning Techniq
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International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-020-00379-9
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Kinematic Viscosity Prediction of Nanolubricants Employed in Heavy Earth Moving Machinery Using Machine Learning Techniques Gaurav Sharma1 · Ankit Kotia2 · Subrata Kumar Ghosh3 · Prashant Singh Rana1 · Seema Bawa1 · Mohamed Kamal Ahmed Ali4 Received: 27 December 2019 / Revised: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 © Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2020
Abstract Recent researchers widely used nanoparticle additives for improving thermal and rheological properties of machine lubricant. In present study the effect of Al2O3 and CeO2 nanoparticles on transmission oil (SAE30), hydraulic oil (HYDREX100) and gear oil (EP90) of heavy earth moving machinery is investigated. Nano-lubricant samples are prepared in 0.01–4% nanoparticle volume fraction range. Four machine learning techniques namely decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), generalized linear models and neural network (NN) have been used to predict the kinematic viscosity for Al2O3 and C eO2 nanolubricants. Further, multi-criteria decision-making technique named technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution have been used to find the best predictive method in each category of the nanolubricants. DT, RF and NN methods are found to be most accurate in kinematic viscosity prediction of transmission oil (R2 = 0.861), hydraulic oil (R2 = 0.971) and gear oil (R2 = 0.973), respectively. Keywords Machine learning techniques · Heavy earth moving machinery · Nanoparticles · Nanolubricants · Kinematic viscosity
1 Introduction Rheological behaviour of lubricants significantly affects the performance of a machine. Heavy earth moving machinery (HEMM) like rope shovels, draglines, bucket-wheel excavator and hydraulic shovels needed robust lubrication to perform in elevated off road environmental condition. Engine, transmission, hydraulic and gear oil are majorly employed lubricants in HEMM. The property of HEMM lubrication oil is indicative of machine life and its performance [21]. The recent researches perceive nanoparticles additives as a new approach for improvement in lubricant properties [2, 5–7]. * Ankit Kotia [email protected] 1
Computer Science and Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
2
School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad, Dhanbad, India
4
Automotive and Tractors Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El‑Minia 61519, Egypt
The suspension obtained with the addition of nanoparticles is termed as nanolubricant [18]. The dispersion of nanoparticles in base oil, significantly modify the rheological behaviour of base oil. Viscosity, which is a prime rheological property, changes with nanoparticles additives [19]. It infers the resisting force in between fluid layers in relative motion. Temper
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