Knowledge Annotation: Making Implicit Knowledge Explicit
Did you ever read something on a book, felt the need to comment, took up a pencil and scribbled something on the books’ text’? If you did, you just annotated a book. But that process has now become something fundamental and revolutionary in these days of
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Intelligent Systems Reference Library, Volume 16 Editors-in-Chief Prof. Janusz Kacprzyk Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Newelska 6 01-447 Warsaw Poland E-mail: [email protected]
Prof. Lakhmi C. Jain University of South Australia Adelaide Mawson Lakes Campus South Australia 5095 Australia E-mail: [email protected]
Further volumes of this series can be found on our homepage: springer.com Vol. 1. Christine L. Mumford and Lakhmi C. Jain (Eds.) Computational Intelligence: Collaboration, Fusion and Emergence, 2009 ISBN 978-3-642-01798-8 Vol. 2. Yuehui Chen and Ajith Abraham Tree-Structure Based Hybrid Computational Intelligence, 2009 ISBN 978-3-642-04738-1 Vol. 3. Anthony Finn and Steve Scheding Developments and Challenges for Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles, 2010 ISBN 978-3-642-10703-0 Vol. 4. Lakhmi C. Jain and Chee Peng Lim (Eds.) Handbook on Decision Making: Techniques and Applications, 2010 ISBN 978-3-642-13638-2 Vol. 5. George A. Anastassiou Intelligent Mathematics: Computational Analysis, 2010 ISBN 978-3-642-17097-3 Vol. 6. Ludmila Dymowa Soft Computing in Economics and Finance, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-17718-7 Vol. 7. Gerasimos G. Rigatos Modelling and Control for Intelligent Industrial Systems, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-17874-0 Vol. 8. Edward H.Y. Lim, James N.K. Liu, and Raymond S.T. Lee Knowledge Seeker – Ontology Modelling for Information Search and Management, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-17915-0 Vol. 9. Menahem Friedman and Abraham Kandel Calculus Light, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-17847-4 Vol. 10. Andreas Tolk and Lakhmi C. Jain Intelligence-Based Systems Engineering, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-17930-3
Vol. 11. Samuli Niiranen and Andre Ribeiro (Eds.) Information Processing and Biological Systems, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-19620-1 Vol. 12. Florin Gorunescu Data Mining, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-19720-8 Vol. 13. Witold Pedrycz and Shyi-Ming Chen (Eds.) Granular Computing and Intelligent Systems, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-19819-9 Vol. 14. George A. Anastassiou and Oktay Duman Towards Intelligent Modeling: Statistical Approximation Theory, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-19825-0 Vol. 15. Antonino Freno and Edmondo Trentin Hybrid Random Fields, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-20307-7 Vol. 16. Alexiei Dingli Knowledge Annotation: Making Implicit Knowledge Explicit, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-20322-0
Alexiei Dingli
Knowledge Annotation: Making Implicit Knowledge Explicit
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Dr. Alexiei Dingli Department of Intelligent Computer Systems, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080 Malta E-mail: [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-20322-0
e-ISBN 978-3-642-20323-7
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-20323-7 Intelligent Systems Reference Library
ISSN 1868-4394
Library of Congress Control Number: 2011925692 c 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and st
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