Knowledge Graphs and Natural-Language Processing
Emergency-relevant data comes in many varieties. It can be high volume and high velocity, and reaction times are critical, calling for efficient and powerful techniques for data analysis and management. Knowledge graphs represent data in a rich, flexible,
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Big Data in Emergency Management: Exploitation Techniques for Social and Mobile Data
Big Data in Emergency Management: Exploitation Techniques for Social and Mobile Data
Rajendra Akerkar Editor
Big Data in Emergency Management: Exploitation Techniques for Social and Mobile Data
Editor Rajendra Akerkar Big Data Research Group Western Norway Research Institute Sogndal, Norway
ISBN 978-3-030-48098-1 ISBN 978-3-030-48099-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48099-8 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
The book is dedicated to first responders—who are all out there every single day for anyone who needs them.
Preface
The term emergency management can be defined as the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies or disasters, in particular preparedness, response, and recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters. Earthquakes, floods, terrorist acts, and catastrophic infrastructure failures are events that cause huge physical destruction, loss of life and property around the world. The frequency, intensity, and impact of catastrophic events have significantly increased in recent decades. Faced with such events, public authorities have recognized emergency response and disaster management as major concerns in need of concerted efforts, in collaboration with business and academia. The emergence of extremely large and complex datasets (i.e., big data) made it possible to utilize advanced techniques to reveal patterns, trends, and associations. Data-driven emergency rescue and response have been efficiently applied in several recent hazardous events. Big Da
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