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Jan-Christoph Otto · Richard Dikau Editors

Landform – Structure, Evolution, Process Control Proceedings of the International Symposium on Landform Organised by the Research Training Group 437

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Editors Dr. Jan-Christoph Otto Universität Salzburg Fachbereich Geographie und Geologie Hellbrunnerstr. 34 5020 Salzburg Austria [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Richard Dikau Universität Bonn Geographische Institut Meckenheimer Allee 172 53115 Bonn Germany [email protected]

ISSN 0930-0317 ISBN 978-3-540-75760-3 e-ISBN 978-3-540-75761-0 DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-75761-0 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009936209 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd., Pondicherry Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Landforms constitute boundary surfaces between different components of the earth system (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, pedosphere, lithosphere). At these locations most of the human activity on earth takes place. This central position evokes a bi-directional interaction with the other spheres of the earth system. Spatial landform structures strongly affect processes of other earth system components. At the same time, the land-surface is shaped by the influence of these processes impacting geomorphologic processes and landform morphometry. These interactions are the focus in the Research Training Group 437 “Landform – a structured and variable boundary layer” at the University of Bonn in Germany. Funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) the Research Training Group is a multidisciplinary research programme for postgraduate studies. Disciplines involved in this programme include: biology, climatology, computer sciences, geodynamics, geology, geomorphology, geophysics, hydrology, mathematics, meteorology, pedology, and remote sensing. These different disciplines offer various scientific approaches, theories, methods and data for the study of landforms within their specific paradigms. Over a period of ten years (1998–2008) more than 25 PhD projects have been complet