Landmark Revolutionary Inventions in Mechanical Engineering
In this chapter, important inventions in mechanical engineering since the advent of human civilization are discussed. The emphasis is on those inventions, which had long-lasting effect on the human civilization. Notable among them are wheel, cutting tool,
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Uday Shanker Dixit Manjuri Hazarika J. Paulo Davim
A Brief History of Mechanical Engineering
Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology Series editor J. Paulo Davim, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11181
Uday Shanker Dixit Manjuri Hazarika J. Paulo Davim •
A Brief History of Mechanical Engineering
123
Uday Shanker Dixit Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam India
J. Paulo Davim Campus Santiago University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
Manjuri Hazarika Assam Engineering College Guwahati, Assam India
ISSN 2195-0911 ISSN 2195-092X (electronic) Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology ISBN 978-3-319-42914-4 ISBN 978-3-319-42916-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42916-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016946297 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
To Mechanical Engineering Fraternity
Preface
Mechanical engineering is concerned with reducing or eliminating physical effort of humans or domestic animals with the help of tools and/or machines. In that sense, mechanical engineering has been in existence almost since the primitive man was born on the Earth; tools in very crude form must have been used by the primitive man. Wheel was invented a few millennia before Christ, and theory of lever was proposed a few centuries before Christ. However, up to nineteenth century, the distinction between science and engineering was blurred. Different disciplines of engineering did not have separate identity. Mechanical engineering emerged as separate strong discipline of engineering in nineteenth century. The Institution of Engineers was formed in 1847 in UK. Today, mechanical engineering is flourishing along with its offspring like production e
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