Landscape structure as a mediator of ecosystem service interactions
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Landscape structure as a mediator of ecosystem service interactions Jesse T. Rieb
. Elena M. Bennett
Received: 11 February 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Context Management of multiple ecosystem services (ES) is complex, in part due to synergies and trade-offs among ES. Landscape configuration—the spatial arrangement of patches in a landscape—affects the provision of many ES, and may also influence the strength and direction of these interactions. Understanding how landscape configuration can influence ES interactions may provide landscape managers with a tool to promote positive interactions and avoid negative interactions among ES. Objectives We investigate the relationship between ES, their interactions, and landscape configuration across the Monte´re´gie region of Que´bec, Canada. Through this, we explore the potential for landscape configuration to serve as a tool to mediate ES interactions.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-01117-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. J. T. Rieb (&) E. M. Bennett Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada e-mail: [email protected]
Methods We quantified seven ES at a 30 m spatial resolution across the Monte´re´gie region of Que´bec, Canada. The strength and direction of pairwise correlations in ES provision was compared across five classes of landscape configuration. Results We found significant variation in response to landscape configuration for almost all pairwise ES interactions. In some cases, two ES showed a trade-off in one type of landscape and a synergy in another. Response to landscape configuration varied by ES, and no single type of landscape configuration was better overall at promoting synergies and reducing tradeoffs. Conclusions The effect of landscape configuration was relatively small compared to the effect of land use and land cover. However, directed manipulation of landscape configuration may allow managers to enhance the provision of specific ES, or influence the strength and direction of interactions between specific pairs of ES. Keywords Landscape configuration Agricultural landscape Interaction Trade-off Ecosystem services
E. M. Bennett McGill School of Environment, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
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Landscape Ecol
Introduction People depend on landscapes for the provision of diverse sets of ecosystem services (ES). This is increasingly being recognized by governments (Ouyang et al. 2016), corporations (Chaplin-Kramer et al. 2015a), and NGOs (Mandle et al. 2016), which are explicitly setting goals for managing the provision of ES in the landscapes where they work. Taken individually, management of the provision of ES is relatively straightforward, and society has centuries of expe
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