Laponite: a promising nanomaterial to formulate high-performance water-based drilling fluids
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Laponite: a promising nanomaterial to formulate high‑performance water‑based drilling fluids Xian‑Bin Huang1,2 · Jin‑Sheng Sun1,2 · Yi Huang3 · Bang‑Chuan Yan3 · Xiao‑Dong Dong1,2 · Fan Liu4 · Ren Wang4 Received: 13 May 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract High-performance water-based drilling fluids (HPWBFs) are essential to wellbore stability in shale gas exploration and development. Laponite is a synthetic hectorite clay composed of disk-shaped nanoparticles. This paper analyzed the application potential of laponite in HPWBFs by evaluating its shale inhibition, plugging and lubrication performances. Shale inhibition performance was studied by linear swelling test and shale recovery test. Plugging performance was analyzed by nitrogen adsorption experiment and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. Extreme pressure lubricity test was used to evaluate the lubrication property. Experimental results show that laponite has good shale inhibition property, which is better than commonly used shale inhibitors, such as polyamine and KCl. Laponite can effectively plug shale pores. It considerably decreases the surface area and pore volume of shale, and SEM results show that it can reduce the porosity of shale and form a seamless nanofilm. Laponite is beneficial to increase lubricating property of drilling fluid by enhancing the drill pipes/wellbore interface smoothness and isolating the direct contact between wellbore and drill string. Besides, laponite can reduce the fluid loss volume. According to mechanism analysis, the good performance of laponite nanoparticles is mainly attributed to the disk-like nanostructure and the charged surfaces. Keywords Laponite · Nanoparticles · High performance · Drilling fluid · Shale gas
1 Introduction The concept of high-performance water-based drilling fluids (HPWBF) (Galindo et al. 2015; Jain et al. 2015; Jung et al. 2013; Kosynkin et al. 2011; Morton et al. 2005) has been proposed for decades. HPWBF is defined as water-based drilling fluids (WBF) with good performance parameters, Edited by Yan-Hua Sun * Xian‑Bin Huang [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China, Ministry of Education), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
3
Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Limited, Zhanjiang 524057, Guangdong, China
4
CNPC Engineering Technology R & D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
such as good rheology, low filtration, strong shale inhibition, good lubricity, good plugging property, etc., which are important for safe and efficient drilling. For shale gas reservoirs, the content of clay minerals is as high as 30%–50% or even more (Li et al. 2020b; Yang et al. 2014; Zou et al. 2010). Wellbore instability incidents, such as wellbore collapse, stuck pipe, tight hole, excessive hole, fre
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