Layer-steered filter for enhancing seismic reflection interpretability
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ORIGINAL PAPER-EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICS
Layer‑steered filter for enhancing seismic reflection interpretability Agus Abdullah1 · Waskito Pranowo1 Received: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Seismic artifacts due to random and linear noises, low fold coverage, statics, and spatial aliasing are frequently affecting uncertainties in seismic interpretation. Several conventional methods, such as median filter, have been implemented to reduce random noises. However, this method can not be utilized for the area in which rich with stratigraphic features such as clinoforms and in the area with strong dips. We implemented layer-steered filter in order to attenuate random noises in this kind of situation. Layer-steered filter has ability to attenuate random noises but still respects to local dip events; therefore, the method provides better preservation of events and stratigraphics compared to other conventional methods such as median filter and dip-steered filter. Keywords Seismic filtering · Layer-steered filter · Seismic event continuity
Introduction Event continuity, fault definition, and amplitude fidelity are key important aspects of a successful seismic interpretation. A detailed seismic interpretation, such as interpreting stratigraphic features, defining ultra-thin geobodies on a vintage land seismic data, is challenging due to pitfalls and uncertainties. There are several factors affecting the quality of seismic data, such as fold coverage, statics due to weathering zone, random and linear noises, spatial aliasing, etc. In order to enhance seismic interpretability, numerous seismic processing methods have been implemented, particularly in an effort to tackle noises such as median filter (Bednar 1983; Hall 2007). In a case of horizontal geological events, median filter is quite useful in improving seismic continuity and in tackling random noises. However, for complex and dipping geological settings, the method deteriorates structures, dipping layers, and faults. Recent developments for the implementation of median filter, for instance, have been considering step events by identifying the prime dips inside an appropriate window such as iterative dip-steered filter, which uses a Fourier radial transform in the frequency-wavenumber domain (Huo et al. 2017). As an advancement of a dip-steered filter which uses * Agus Abdullah [email protected] 1
Geophysical Engineering Department, Universitas Pertamina, Jakarta, Indonesia
amplitudes along the tangent line of a layer, we propose layer-steered filter, using amplitudes along with the details of the layer itself. In such a way, layer-steered layer is able to attenuate random noise, improve event continuity, and reduce aliasing effects while maintaining local layer orientation and subtle structural dips. In this paper, we demonstrate the implementation of layer-steered filter on land seismic data as well as its comparison with several conventional de-noising algorithms, including dip-steered filter.
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