Length of Stay of Psychiatric Admissions: a Case-Control Study
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MEDICINE
Length of Stay of Psychiatric Admissions: a Case-Control Study Sylas Scussel Jr 1 & Altacilio A. Nunes 2 Accepted: 1 April 2020 / Published online: 17 April 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract To identify the exposure factors associated with the length of stay of psychiatric patients. A case-control study was performed at a psychiatric hospital in Brazil. The cases included all hospitalised patients with stays of over 60 continuous days over a 1-year period. The randomly chosen controls were matched by gender and age. Multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed. A total of sixteen patients were selected. There were 72 cases (5.5% of all hospitalisations) and 144 controls; 63.9% were male, and the mean age was 44.4 years (± 11.9). The reasons for hospitalisation were risk to self and the inability to provide for self-care coupled with inadequate family/social support that were shown to be associated (p < 0.05) with length of stay of these psychiatric patients. Additional analytical studies to investigate the quality of life of long-term psychiatric hospitalisation patients are recommended. Keywords Hospitalisation . Mental disorders . Length of stay . Case control . Brazil
Introduction There are relatively few international studies that have evaluated long-term psychiatric hospitalisation, especially those related to the comparative effectiveness of short- and long-stay policies [1, 2]. The length of psychiatric hospitalisation varies widely between countries, regions, and hospitals. The measurement criteria also differ, and data are inconsistent [1, 3, 4]. Evidence to date has consistently supported the superiority of stays in community-based care services compared with large hospitals that tend to segregate these patients [5]. Short This research was conducted under the tutelage of the graduate programme in public health of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo. This article is part of the Topical Collection on Medicine * Altacilio A. Nunes [email protected] Sylas Scussel, Jr [email protected] 1
Department of Collective Health, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), R. Frei Paulino, 30, Uberaba, MG 38025-180, Brazil
2
Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Health Technology Assessment and Pharmacoeconomics Centre, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
psychiatric hospitalisations were found to be equally effective as long lengths of stay (LOS) [1], and they did not increase suicide risk, violence, or loss of assistance [1, 5]. Italy is the only country that has effectively eliminated single-purpose psychiatric hospitals [5, 6]; however, Morzycka-Markowska et al. [5] noted that some problems remain, including insufficient community services and family burdens resulting from the transfer of care to the community. Italy and other countries, including Canada [7], the USA [8], Japan [4], and the UK [9, 10] still face challenges regarding any patient who requires lon
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