LNOI waveguide grating based true time delay line for tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter
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LNOI waveguide grating based true time delay line for tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter Zisu Gong1 · Bo He1 · Wei Ji1 · Rui Yin1 · Jingyao Li1 · Zerui Song1 Received: 10 March 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 / Published online: 19 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A precisely tunable true time delay line (TTDL) based on lithium niobate on insulator waveguide grating is proposed. Utilizing the electro-optic effect of lithium niobate, active tuning of reflected wavelength and time delay can be realized. The numerical simulation results show that, with the optimized grating structure and flexible electrode distribution, wide tuning range and high tuning accuracy of time delay can be achieved by simply controlling the charging position of the electrodes. This TTDL is applied to a tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter (TBMPF), which using PM-IM conversion to suppressed dc signal to achieve bandpass. In the TBMPF, the TTDL plays the role of introducing the dispersion for PM-IM conversion, time delay between the taps and tuning of central frequency. This TTDL can reduce the system complexity and cost of microwave photonic filter. Keywords Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) · Waveguide grating · True time delay line (TTDL) · Electro-optic effect · Tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter (TBMPF)
1 Introduction Microwave photonics technology which could resolve the generation, transmission and processing of millimeter-wave and sub-millimeter-wave has become the most cutting-edge research topic in microwave science (Capmany and Novak 2007; Marpaung et al. 2018; Zou et al. 2018). Optical time delay line (OTDL) has the advantages of wide band, low power consumption, anti-electromagnetic interference, easy to be tuned and reconfigured. Since it can provide time delay and phase control for optical and radio frequency (RF) signals, OTDL is widely used for microwave photonic systems such as optically controlled phased array antenna (OCPAA) (Ye et al. 2016; Soref et al. 2018a; Zheng et al. 2019), microwave photonic filters (MPF) (Fandiño et al. 2017; Yao and Zhang 2018; Gao et al. 2018) and arbitrary waveform generators (Ashrafi et al. 2015). In recent years, wider * Wei Ji [email protected] * Rui Yin [email protected] 1
School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, People’s Republic of China
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tuning range, higher tuning accuracy, lower power consumption and higher integration have become the latest development trend of OTDL (Jung and Yao 2009; Shin et al. 2004; Garcia and Gasulla 2016; Gasulla et al. 2017; Ortega et al. 2000; Wang et al. 2019; García et al. 2019; Lin et al. 2019; Soref et al. 2018b). There are about two types of OTDL. One is based on optical path selection, which is generally realized tunability by combining optical switch with optical transmission medium. This type of delay lines is usually bulky and susceptible to environment
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