Localization of Deformation in Lattice Structures of 3D-Printed Samples of 03X17H14M2 Steel
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zation of Deformation in Lattice Structures of 3D-Printed Samples of 03X17H14M2 Steel D. G. Firsova, S. D. Koneva, O. N. Dubinina, S. A. Evlashina, and I. V. Shishkovskya* a
Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received April 6, 2020; revised April 6, 2020; accepted April 9, 2020
Abstract—The deformation behavior of 3D 03X17H14M2 steel samples with various lattice structures created by selective laser melting has been studied under compression conditions using the digital image correlation method. Spatially temporal patterns of localization of transverse (εxx) and longitudinal (εyy) deformations of topological structure actual types have been studied. It has been found that it is possible to achieve a relative density of 20% for 3D printed products with lattice G-structures and cell sizes of 1.5 and 3 mm. However, all lattice 3D samples lose their plasticity, the Young’s modulus decreases by more than an order of magnitude, and the Poisson’s ratio increases by 1.3–2 times compared to the corresponding parameters for solid 3D samples. Keywords: digital image correlation method, selective laser melting, topological optimization, lattice structures, deformation localization. DOI: 10.1134/S1063785020070160
The design of lightweight three-dimensional (3D) products is relevant in many areas of human activity, where a reduction in the mass of the main power elements means an increase in the payload (aerospace industry), material savings in production, and energy efficiency (weight reduction of mobile elements of various installations), and in approaching the elastic modulus of bone tissue, which is an important task of biomaterial science [1, 2]. Topological optimization is one of the fastest and most effective methods to reduce the weight of 3D parts obtained using additive technologies while preserving their strength and stiffness characteristics. The purpose of topological optimization is to determine the optimal distribution of the material in the design area at given loads while meeting the optimization criteria and constraints [2, 3]. Various functions (combinations of them) such as, e.g., conformance or potential energy of deformation, volume, displacement, or strength characteristics, can be used as restriction criteria in the framework of topological optimization, mainly when using numerical methods. In this work, an experimental optical diagnostic method called the “digital image correlation method” is used for 3D printed structures and samples with topological optimization options [4, 5]. The found strength parameters and the results of the evaluation of the stress–strain state of topological lattice structures were discussed.
The experiments used a 03X17H14M2 stainless steel powder with a particle size of 20–53 μm. 3D printing of the samples was performed by the selective laser melting method [1]. The printing regime was recommended by the installation manufacturer: a laser power of 113 W, a laser scanning rate of 700 mm/s, a laser beam diameter of
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