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Labeling Labeling is a method of adding a chemical (e.g. radioactive isotope; ▶isotope labeling) or biological compound to a system in order to identify, visualize or trace proteins or specially designed tags. ▶Electron Tomography ▶PET

Laboratory Informatics Management System

Lagging Strand Definition Lagging strand refers to a DNA strand that is replicated discontinuously in direction, opposite to that of the fork movement (direction of synthesis and replicative fork moving are opposite). ▶Replication Fork ▶Replication Origins

Lamellipodium

Definition Laboratory informatics management system describes the specialized application of information technology to track laboratory operations. This comprises the full path of data flow, from data acquisition (instrument interfacing) to data storage analysis and provision. ▶Automated High-Throughput Functional Characterization of Human Proteins

Definition Lamellipodium is a flattened projection from the anterior region of a cell. It is an actin rich zone that is formed in response to receptor mediated signal transduction. It propulses the forwarding movement of a migrating cell. ▶Cell Migration ▶Focal Complexes/Focal Contacts ▶Rho, Rac, Cdc42

LacZ Definition The LacZ gene codes for the enzyme beta-galactosidase, and is often used as a reporter system in mammalian cells and tissues. In knockouts, and when the LacZ has been incorporated appropriately into a knockout vector, it allows the in vitro visualization of expression from the targeted gene. ▶Large-Scale Homologous Recombination Approaches in Mice

Laminar Flow Definition Laminar flow is defined as the state of fluid (or gas) flow wherein particles move along parallel, ordered paths. ▶Proteomics in Microfluidic Systems

948

Laminin

Laminin Definition Laminin designates a family of glycoproteins that form an integral part of basement membranes. All laminins are heterotrimers assembled from α, β, and γ-chains. From the known 5 α, 3 β, and 3 γ-chains in vertebrates, at least 15 different laminin trimers can be formed, which are assembled into ternary protein complexes, via coiled coil interactions. The complete trimers have been named by arabic numerals (Laminins 1 to 15), roughly in order of their discovery. They are considered important for organ development. ▶Extracellular Matrix ▶Hemidesmosomes

Lamm Equation Definition Lamm equation refers to the partial differential equation predicting the changes with time of the macromolecular concentration distribution as a result of diffusion, sedimentation, and chemical reaction fluxes in a sector-shaped solution column in the centrifugal field. ▶Analytical Ultracentrifugation

Langer-Giedion Syndrome

is proteolytically cleaved from the mature C-terminal peptide, and remains non-covalently bound to mature TGF-α and disulfide-linked to other proteins of the latent TGF-α complex, such as latent TGF-β binding proteins (▶LTBPs). The function of the propeptide is to confer inactivity to the mature C-terminal peptide. ▶Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinase

Large Scale ENU Mutage