Long-range-ordered Fe 3 Al with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption
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Long‑range‑ordered Fe3Al with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption Xixi Luo1,2 · Jing Cao1 · Guanghui Meng1 · Yingying Zhou1 · Hui Xie1 Received: 10 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Long-range-ordered Fe3Al was prepared by a mechanical alloying and ordering transformation process. Different ball milling time in the mechanical alloying process induces various amounts of long-range-ordered DO3-type Fe3Al, leading to different magnetic properties. It was found that with the increase of ball milling time, the saturation magnetization values increased to 149 emu/g and then decreased to 96 emu/g. Interestingly, their electromagnetic wave absorption properties are also different. The complex permeability curves are characterized by multiple peaks, which is attributed to the natural resonance. In particular, Fe3Al powder obtained by a 30 h ball milling process is a promising candidate for thin electromagnetic wave absorber, with the minimum reflection loss of − 41.5 dB at the 12.1 GHz when the thickness is 1.5 mm, and the bandwidth below − 10 dB is 4.8 GHz.
1 Introduction In recent years, electromagnetic wave absorption materials at the microwave frequency have attracted considerable attention because of the severe electromagnetic radiation and interference problems caused by electronics and electric apparatus widely used in the aviation and military areas [1–3]. At present, magnetic absorbers with strong microwave absorption capacity over a broadband and small thickness used in the gigahertz range have been extensively studied [4–6]. For those good potential magnetic materials, they possess high permeability due to the large saturation magnetization, moderate permittivity, and strong absorption efficiency under a low matching thickness [7–10]. Among the magnetic materials, as one kind of Fe-based intermetallic compounds, Fe3Al with a long-range order structure has attracted great attention in the past decades. This important magnetic absorber possesses large saturation * Xixi Luo [email protected] * Hui Xie [email protected] 1
School of Material Engineering, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an 710077, Shaanxi, China
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non‑Ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2
magnetization (Ms = 150 emu/g), high resistivity (126 μΩ cm), excellent high temperature stability, and lower density (5.6 g/cm) compared to carbonyl iron powder (7.8 g/ cm) [11–13]. In addition, the conductivity of F e3Al is much lower than that of magnetic metal powders [14], which can effectively avoid the reflection of the incident electromagnetic waves. It exhibits ferromagnetism and has a relatively high magnetic loss. Therefore, Fe3Al has enhanced electromagnetic absorption performance. Many efforts have been done to fabricate Fe3Al, such as pressureless reaction, vacuum centrifugal casting, low pressure plasma spraying, and two-step chemical methods [15–
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