Long-term follow-up of a child with anti-AMPA receptor encephalitis
- PDF / 708,968 Bytes
- 3 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 14 Downloads / 153 Views
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Long-term follow-up of a child with anti-AMPA receptor encephalitis Shan Qiao 1 & Huai-kuan Wu 2 & Ke-mo Wang 3 & Ke-jun Zang 2 & Xue-wu Liu 3 Received: 8 August 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 # Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia 2020
Dear editor, Autoimmune encephalitis is commonly regarded as an autoimmune-mediated disease, which is increasingly recognized as an essential cause of encephalitis. Anti-α-amino-3hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPA receptor) is one of the newly identified autoimmune encephalitis, which shows a sporadic occurrence rate. The first anti-AMPA type 1 receptor encephalitis was reported in 2009 [1]. Moreover, the unclear clinical manifestations of antiAMPA receptor encephalitis would cause a missed diagnosis. Herein, we report a case of a 32-month-old Chinese male child diagnosed with anti-AMPA receptor encephalitis who developed prominent psychiatric symptoms early in the course of the disease. Follow-up was performed for 4 years with a frequency of once per 3 months in the first year and then once per 6 months for the rest period of this study. The child started having seizures at the end of December 2015 accompanied by generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS). The main clinical Shan Qiao and Huai-kuan Wu contributed equally to this work. * Xue-wu Liu [email protected] Shan Qiao [email protected] Huai-kuan Wu [email protected] Ke-mo Wang [email protected] Ke-jun Zang [email protected] 1
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
2
The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
3
Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Jinan Culture road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
manifestations included upturned eyes, foaming in the mouth, and unresponsiveness, which lasted about 1 min. Similar symptoms were observed seven times within 24 h. The child had a fever of 38.2 °C before the onset of seizures. He was sent to a local hospital, and there was no obvious abnormality in the brain CT scan. However, electroencephalogram (EEG) showed a widespread abnormality and detected a large number of spikes and multiple spines-slow waves. The boy was given midazolam, diazepam, and other treatments, discharging the seizures. Only 1 day after discharge, seizures occurred again. The boy experienced more than ten attacks within 1 day. The symptoms were identical as before. He was subsequently transferred to our hospital on the 9th day from the initial onset (temp: 35.5 °C, weight: 15.5 kg). In addition to epilepsy, apathy, slow response, unstable walking, and lethargy were observed as the other primary symptoms. Symptoms were not significantly alleviated by the treatment of antiviral and anti-infective drugs. The serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were sent to the Golden Field Testing Center for evaluation on the 4th day after admission. Indirect immun
Data Loading...
