Low band gap polymers based on the electrochemical polymerization of Phenazine: studies on the color changing ability in
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Low band gap polymers based on the electrochemical polymerization of Phenazine: studies on the color changing ability in near-infrared region Rena Simayi 1 & Aray Murat 2 & Mukhtar Imerhasan 1 & Maxhur Mijit 2 & Mamtimin Mahmut 1 Received: 23 May 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 # The Polymer Society, Taipei 2020
Abstract In this work, two quinoxline type monomers, 10,14-bis(4-octyl-2-thienyl)-dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c] [1, 2, 5] thiadiazolo[3,4-i] quinoxaline (OTPTP) and 10,14-bis(4-octyl-2-thienyl)-dibenzo[a, c][1,2,5]thiadiazolo [3,4-i] quinoxaline (OTBTP) were prepared, and the electrochromic features of their polymer films that were synthesized on the ITO glass surface by electrochemical polymerization were studied. The electronic characteristics of two different electron-withdrawing groups and their influences on the electrochemical polymerization of monomers and electrochromic performance of the obtained polymers were observed. The electronic performance of monomers illustrated that OTBTP can be polymerized in the lower potential range than OTPTP due to the stronger electron-withdrawing capability of the electron-withdrawing groups in OTPTP which contains two dipyridine units. The UV Visible NIR spectra analysis showed that both polymers, POTPTP and POTBTP, have one broad absorbance band in the region of 400 ~ 1600 nm at the neutral state. The electrochromic analysis revealed that the two polymer films exhibited reasonable optical contrasts in the infrared region of 1000 ~ 1600 nm with low response time (about 5 s) and low band gap. Keywords [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4,i] quinoxaline . Donor-acceptor . Electrochemical polymerization . Low band gap polymer . Electrochromic properties
Introduction Electrochromic devices can reversibly change their color and transmittance when different potential are applied to the electrochromic material and cause their redox reactions [1]. There are two types of electrochromic materials categorized in accordance with the difference in chemical structure. The first class of electrochromic materials is the inorganic materials [2], such as WO3, NiO2 and TiO2, which are used as excellent materials in optical shutters and smart windows. Organic
* Mamtimin Mahmut [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
materials with electrochromic properties including organic dyes and conjugated polymers are the second type of electrochromic materials. Polymer-based electrochromic devices have many advantages over inorganic electrochromic devices, such as flexibility, higher coloration efficiency, and faster switching [3]. More importantly the electrochromic performance of the devices can be ad
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