Low-Cost and Low-Profile Phased Array Antenna for Satellite Reception Using Optimized Tracking Algorithm
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RESEARCH PAPER
Low-Cost and Low-Profile Phased Array Antenna for Satellite Reception Using Optimized Tracking Algorithm Nima Mokary Bahar1 • Seyed Hasan Sedighy1 Received: 19 July 2019 / Accepted: 27 February 2020 Shiraz University 2020
Abstract In this paper, a stair-planar phased array antenna system for mobile broadcast satellite reception in Ku-band is proposed. The hybrid electromechanical tracking algorithm of this antenna system is designed for properly steering the antenna beam into the target satellite. The antenna sub-array elements are designed by using FR-4 epoxy and RO4003 to reduce the fabrication cost without considerable drop in the array efficiency. The genetic algorithm optimization is used to achieve the optimum values for the element spacing and feed positions, also. This array is fabricated, tested and compared with the simulation results to prove the idea. After that, the selected array is expanded to the main sub-array (2 9 32) and the main antenna array composed of 640 microstrip elements (10 main sub-arrays with 64 elements in each sub-array) with 32.5-dB gain at operating frequency, 11.9 GHz. This system can cover 30–70 in elevation and 360 in azimuth planes by using the hybrid tracking algorithm to track different target satellites. This system serves as an excellent low-cost and simple candidate for Ku-band satellite reception in steady and smoothly moving platforms such as trains. Keywords Phased array antenna Beamforming Optimization algorithm Satellite communication Tracking algorithm
1 Introduction During the past two decades, satellite communication undergoes rapid development, which provides many services such as navigation, weather forecasting, data distribution, phone and TV broadcasting (Jeon et al. 2000; Weily and Guo 2009; Lin and Wong 2014; Chu et al. 2013; Luo et al. 2019; Abu-Shaban et al. 2018; Marranghelli et al. 2019; Guidotti et al. 2018; Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) 2018; Beamforming Algorithms for Smart Antennas 2019). In particular, Ku-band satellite TV applications are popular due to the wide coverage of geostationary satellites. The Ku-band satellite broadcasting on the mobile platforms is becoming an increasing demand in these years. Commercially, antennas used in these kinds of applications need to be of low cost, low profile, high gain and high efficiency. Accurate target satellite tracking is an essential requirement of mobile satellite antenna system & Seyed Hasan Sedighy [email protected] 1
School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
during vehicle maneuvers to maintain the received signal level above a predetermined threshold and deliver highquality service, consequently. Microstrip antennas (MSAs) are one of the most popular antennas in these kinds of applications because of their valuable properties such as low profile and easy fabrication. Meanwhile, MSAs suffer from some defects such as low gain and low efficiency. Arraying is known as a common solution to increase the MSAs gain
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