Low-dose dual-energy CT for stone characterization: a systematic comparison of two generations of split-filter single-so
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Low‑dose dual‑energy CT for stone characterization: a systematic comparison of two generations of split‑filter single‑source and dual‑source dual‑energy CT Dominik Nakhostin1 · Thomas Sartoretti1 · Matthias Eberhard1 · Bernhard Krauss2 · Daniel Müller3 · Hatem Alkadhi1 · André Euler1 Received: 6 September 2020 / Revised: 28 October 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To compare noise texture and accuracy to differentiate uric acid from non-uric acid urinary stones among four different single-source and dual-source DECT approaches in an ex vivo phantom study. Methods Thirty-two urinary stones embedded in gelatin were mounted on a Styrofoam disk and placed into a water-filled phantom. The phantom was imaged using four different DECT approaches: (A) dual-source DECT (DS-DE); (B) 1st generation split-filter single-source DECT (SF1-TB); (C) 2nd generation split-filter single-source DECT (SF2-TB) and (D) 2nd generation split-filter single-source DECT using serial acquisitions (SF2-TS). Two different radiation doses (3 mGy and 6 mGy) were used. Noise texture was compared by assessing the average spatial frequency (fav) of the normalized noise power spectrum (nNPS). ROC curves for stone classification were computed and the accuracy for different dual-energy ratio cutoffs was derived. Results NNPS demonstrated comparable noise texture among A, C, and D (fav-range 0.18–0.19) but finer noise texture for B (fav = 0.27). Stone classification showed an accuracy of 96.9%, 96.9%, 93.8%, 93.8% for A, B, C, D for low-dose, respectively, and 100%, 96.9%, 96.9%, 100% for routine dose. The vendor-specified cutoff for the dual-energy ratio was optimal except for the low-dose scan in D for which the accuracy was improved from 93.8 to 100% using an optimized cutoff. Conclusion Accuracy to differentiate uric acid from non-uric acid stones was high among four single-source and dual-source DECT approaches for low- and routine dose DECT scans. Noise texture differed only slightly for the first-generation splitfilter approach. Keywords Multidetector computed tomography · Urolithiasis · Kidney calculi · Phantoms imaging Abbreviations SECT Single-energy computed tomography DECT Dual-energy computed tomography SF-DE Split-filter dual-energy
DS-DE Dual source dual-energy SF1-TB 1st generation split filter twin beam SF2-TB 2nd generation split filter twin beam SF2-TS 2nd generation split-filter twin spiral
* Dominik Nakhostin [email protected]
André Euler [email protected]
Thomas Sartoretti [email protected]
1
Matthias Eberhard [email protected]
Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
2
Bernhard Krauss bernhard.krauss@siemens‑healthineers.com
Siemens Healthcare GmbH, An der Lände 1, 91301 Forchheim, Germany
3
Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich,
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