Macroeconomic Theories and Policies for the 1990s A Scandinavian Per

The authors of this book argue that the "Scandinavian Model" could be a starting point for a more relevant theory of macroeconomics. The importance of macro dynamics is also stressed for the understanding of inflation, growth and distribution.

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Macroeconomic Theories and Policies for the 1990s A Scandinavian Perspective Bruno Amoroso Associate Professor of Economic Policy Institute of Economics and Planning Roskilde University, Denmark

and

J esper Jespersen Associate Professor of Economics Institute of Economics and Planning Roskilde University, Denmark

Palgrave Macmillan

ISBN 978-1-349-11641-6 ISBN 978-1-349-11639-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-11639-3

© Bruno Amoroso and Jesper Jespersen 1992 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1992 All rights reserved. For information, write: Scholarly and Reference Division, St. Martin's Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 First published in the United States of America in 1992

ISBN 978-0-312-06865-3 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Macroeconomic theories and policies for the 1990s : a Scandinavian perspective I [edited by] Bruno Amoroso and Jesper Jespersen. p. cm. "Outcome of a workshop held at Roskilde University Centre, Denmark, 22-24 May 1989"-Pref. Includes index.

ISBN 978-0-312-06865-3 I. Scandinavian-Economic policy-Congresses. 2. Scandinavia-Economic conditions-Congresses. I. Amoroso, Bruno. II. Jespersen, Jesper, 1948HC245.M34 1992 339.5'0948-dc20 91-29432 CIP

Contents List of Figures and Tables

VI

Preface

VII

Notes on the Contributors

ix

Introduction

xi

PART ONE: MACROECONOMIC THEORY

1

1

Theoretical Perspectives for the 1990s Bjorn Thalberg

3

2

The Limits to Demand Management in Small and Open Economies Torben M. Andersen

19

3

Inflation, Unemployment and the Distribution of Income Peter Skott

36

4

The Economic Consequences of Debt-Deflation Henrik Lando

53

PART TWO: MACROECONOMIC POLICY 5

The 'Scandinavian Model' - Past and Present Jesper Jespersen

6

Competition, Cooperation and the Social Dimension: Reviewing the 1992 Proposals Stuart Holland

7

8

9

73 75

90

European Integration - Prospects and Challenge to the 'Scandinavian Model' John Storm Pedersen

105

Is the 'Scandinavian Model' an Alternative to Communism in Eastern Europe? Bruno Amoroso

117

Macroeconomics for Developing Countries: what have we learnt? Knud Erik Svendsen

141

Index

v

154

List of Figures and Tables Figures

Figure 1.1 Labour market disequilibrium

5

Figure 2.1 The asymmetric Nash-Bargaining model effects of increased bargaining power to employers

25

Figure 2.2 Aggregate demand and supply in case of centralized wage bargaining

29

Figure 3.1 Unemployment, strike activity and wage inflation in the DEeD, 1948-87

37

Figure 3.2 Unemployment and wage inflation in Denmark and Sweden, 1948-87

45

Figure 3.3 (a) Phase diagram for the dynamic system; (b) Predicted time path of militancy and unemployment,l-v(t)

48

Figure 4.1 Inflation in rational expectations equilibrium

64

Figure 4.2 Inflation in rational expectations equilibrium

64

Figure 5.1 Gross domestic product (1968 = 100)

76

Figure 5.2 Labour market adjustment

80

Figure 5.3 Wage costs and profits in Swedish industry

83

Figure 9.1 External finance and development

150

Tables