Magnetic and high-dielectric-constant nanoparticle polymer tri-composites for sensor applications
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Magnetic and high-dielectric-constant nanoparticle polymer tri-composites for sensor applications A. Mooti1,2, C. M. Costa3,4,*, A. Maceiras1, N. Pereira3,5, C. R. Tubio1, J. L. Vilas1,6, S. Besbes-Hentati2, and S. Lanceros-Mendez1,7 1
BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain Laboratory of Material Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna Bizerte, Tunisia 3 Centro de Física, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal 4 Centro de Química, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal 5 Centro ALGORITMI, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal 6 Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, Spain 7 Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain 2
Received: 20 May 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 22 July 2020
Multifunctional composites can be achieved by adding two different fillers with complementary properties to a polymer matrix. In this work, novel tri-composite multifunctional materials based on the incorporation of dielectric BaTiO3 (BT) and magnetic CoFe2O4 (CFO) nanoparticles into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) have been developed with enhanced dielectric and magnetic responses for applications in areas such as energy harvesting, sensors and actuators. The microstructure, polymer phases as well as the thermal stability of the samples were investigated, showing the independence of the polymer crystallization phases, degree of crystallinity and melting temperature on filler type and contents. Further, independent of the type of the filler, its content improves the degradation temperature of the tri-composites. The magnetic properties and electrical conductivity of the tri-composites are correlated with the increase in the content of the CFO filler, while the dielectric response is mainly determined by the interfacial polarization. A high dielectric constant of 26 at 1 kHz and a magnetization of 5.7 emu * g-1 are obtained for a sample of 10 wt% CFO– 10 wt% BT/PVDF, which was used for the demonstration of the suitability of the materials for magnetic deformation sensing. This work provides pathways for the development of tri-composites based on PVDF with high dielectric constant and magnetic properties for application in areas such as sensors and actuators.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Handling Editor: Chris Cornelius.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05165-6
J Mater Sci
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
Introduction Nanoscale science and technology provides opportunities to develop advanced materials such as polymer nanocomposites with unique properties tailored for specific applications [1]. Nanocomposites that result from the combination of two or more materials allow to combine the excellent properties of each component [2], leading to multifunctional and stimuli-responsive ‘‘smar
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