Magnetic Fields of Galaxies
Magnetism, when extended beyond normal frameworks into cosmic space is characterized by an enormous spatial scale. Because of their large sizes the nature of magnets such as the Earth and the Sun is entirely different from the nature of a horseshoe magnet
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ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY A SERIES OF BOOKS ON THE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF SPACE SCIENCE AND OF GENERAL GEOPHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS PUBLISHED IN CONNECTION WITH THE JOURNAL SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
Editorial Board
R. L. F. BOYD, University College, London, England
W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, The Netherlands L. GOLDBERG, Kitt Peak National Observatory, Tucson, Ariz., U.S.A.
C. DE JAGER, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands J. KLECZEK, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Ondrejov, Czechoslovakia Z. KOPAL, University of Manchester, England R. LUST, European Space Agency, Paris, France L. I. SEDOV, Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Moscow, U.S.S.R.
Z. SVESTKA, Laboratory for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
VOLUME 133
A. A. RUZMAIKIN, A. M. SHUKUROV, AND D. D. SOKOLOFF Space Research Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow. U.S.S.R.
MAGNETIC FIELDS OF GALAXIES
Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht I Boston / London
Library of Congress Cataloging· in· Publication Data Ruzmaikin, A, A, (Aleksandr Andreevich) Magnetic fields of galaxies. (Astrophysics and space science library; v. 133) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Galaxies - Magnetic fields. I. Shukurov, A, M., 1949O. O. III. Title. IV. Series. 87-36917 QB857.5.M34R89 1987 523.1 '12
II.
ISBN· 13: 978·94·010·7776·7 e· ISBN· 13: 978·94·009·2835·0 001: 10.1007/978·94·009·2835·0
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© 1988 by Kluwer Academic Publishers Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1988 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
Sokoloff,
TABLE OF CONTENTS
vii
PREFACE
1
CHAPTER 1/ INTRODUCTION
7 7 11 12 17
CHAPTER II / GALAXIES
ILl. 11.2. II.3. 11.4.
Shapes Spiral Galaxies Gas and Dust Cosmic Rays
CHAPTER III / OBSERVATION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS
IlL 1. IIL2. IlI.3. IlI.4. IlL5. IlI.6. III.7.
Synchrotron Emission Polarization of Synchrotron Emission Faraday Rotation Light Polarization by Dust Zeeman Splitting Other Methods Discussion
CHAPTER IV / INTERPRETATION OF OBSERVATIONAL DATA
IV.1. IV.2. IV.3. IV.4. IV.5. IV6. IV7.
The Magic of Data Processing How the Magnetic Field is Derived from Faraday Rotation Data The Large-scale Magnetic Field of the Galaxy According to Faraday Rotations of Extragalactic Sources The Fluctuation Magnetic Field in the Galaxy The Structure of the Large-Scale Field Intensity Variations of the Gal
