Magnetofluorescent Hybrid Nanoparticles for Phototherapy of Cancer Cells
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1189-MM05-08
Magnetofluorescent Hybrid Nanoparticles for Phototherapy of Cancer Cells Dickson K. Kirui1 and Carl A. Batt2 1
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, U.S.A
2
Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, U.S.A
ABSTRACT Magnetofluorescent hybrid nanoparticles consisting of gold and iron oxide moiety, and fluorescent molecules could provide a promising platform for development of multimodal imaging and therapy approaches in the treatment of cancer. However, the feasibility of this platform has yet to be fully explored. In this study, we synthesized biocompatible dumbbell-like iron-gold hybrid particles that are superparamagnetic, fluorescent and with strong optical absorption. Furthermore, we showed that hybrid nanoparticles can be conjugated to targeting agents allowing for specific targeting of cancer cells. These particles can potentially be used to target and achieve preferential particle uptake in colorectal cancer cells and then used to induce cell apoptosis via phototherapy using near infrared laser irradiation. INTRODUCTION Multifunctional nanomaterials with magnetic, fluorescent, and optical properties are expected to play an important role in diagnosis and theranostics. One area of intense interest has been the creation of biocompatible nanoparticles that are both fluorescent and magnetic. These materials can potentially be used in a wide range of applications including dual fluorescence/MRI imaging, magnetic cell separation, and also for cell manipulation using permanent magnets. In previous studies, gold nanoparticles have emerged as an attractive therapeutic moiety for cancer cells because of their strong light-absorption properties, known as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which have been utilized for heat-induced apoptosis using laser irradiation1, 2. In addition, single-component magnetic nanoparticles with superparamagnetic characteristics have been used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in hyperthermia using alternating magnetic field, and for bio-separation3-6. Therefore, hybrid particles combining both the plasmonic character of gold nanoparticles and the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles can provide a platform to integrate therapeutic and imaging functions into a single device. To date, several types of hybrid nanoparticles containing various types of nanoparticles have been reported7, 8. Core-shell nanostructures9, 10 and exchange-coupled magnetic composites8, 11 are two well-known composite systems that have shown enhanced optical and magnetic properties compared to their individual single-component Au or Fe3O4 nanoparticles12. The dumbbell-like nanoparticles reported here have several distinct advantages over core-shell bifunctional systems: they can be made directly from solution-phase one-pot synthesis without any pretreatment of the particle surface. The stability of nanoparticles in physiological conditions is required for a broad range of bio-applications. Although several groups
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