Making Settler Cinemas Film and Colonial Encounters in the United St

Through a shrewd analysis of the historical experience of imperialism and settler colonialism, Limbrick draws new conclusions about their effect on cinematic production, distribution, reception and filmic discourse.

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Making Settler Cinemas Film and Colonial Encounters in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand Peter Limbrick

MAKING SETTLER CINEMAS

Copyright © Peter Limbrick, 2010. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2010 978-0-230-10264-4 All rights reserved. A shorter version of chapter one appeared as “Playing Empire: Settler Masculinities, Adventure, and Merian C. Cooper’s The Four Feathers (US, 1929),” Screening the Past 26 (2010). An earlier version of chapter three was previously published as “The Australian Western, or, A Settler Colonial Cinema par excellence,” Cinema Journal 46, no. 4 (2007): 68–95. Some early material from chapter four was published in “The Flotsam and Jetsam of Film History: Hei Tiki and Postcolonial Translations,” journal of Visual Culture 6.2 (2007): 247–53; and from chapter five in “Looking Round The Seekers: Film History and Film Culture,” Historical Review 56.1 (2008): 7–10. I thank Screening the Past, La Trobe University, the University of Texas Press, Sage Publications, and the Whakata¯ne and District Historical Society for permission to reprint these materials here. Cover illustration: “Hard Yards,” © Sally Papps, 2007. First published in 2010 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-28703-1 ISBN 978-0-230-10791-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230107915 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Limbrick, Peter, 1967– Making settler cinemas : film and colonial encounters in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand / Peter Limbrick. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-349-28703-1 1. Imperialism in motion pictures. 2. Culture in motion pictures. 3. Indigenous peoples in motion pictures. 4. Motion pictures—Political aspects—United States. 5. Motion pictures—Political aspects—Australia. 6. Motion pictures—Politcal aspects—New Zealand. I. Title. PN1995.9.I42L56 2010 791.43⬘6581—dc22

2009046031

A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: June 2010 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

For my parents: Warren Edmund Limbrick Dorothy Jean Limbrick, 1939–1999

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Contents List of Figures

ix

Acknowledgments

xi

A Note on the Text

xv

Introduction

1 Part One Making a Settler Cinema in the United States

One Two

Playing Empire: Settler Masculinities, Adventure, and The Four Feathers (1929)

29

Imperial Production, Settler Colonialism, and the Argosy W