Manipulation of Mammalian Development

Developmental biology has been transformed recently by discoveries in the fields of molecular biology, cell biology, and immunology. New ways of manip­ ulating mammalian development are uncovering control mechanisms and ena­ bling us to apply them in solv

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Manipulation of Mammalian Development

Developmental Biology

A COMPREHENSIVE SYNTHESIS Editor

LEON W. BROWDER lniversity of Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Editorial Board EVERETT ANDERSON Harvard Medical School

JOSEPH T. BAGNARA

The University of Arizona

SAMUEL H. BARONDES

University of California at San Diego

ANTONIE W. BLACKLER CorneIl University

MARIE A. DiBERARDINO

The Medical College of Pennsylvania

ELIZABETH D. HAY

Harvard Medical School

RALPH S. QUATRANO

Oregon State University

RUDOLF A. RAFF

Indiana University

L. DENNIS SMITH Purdue University

IAN M. SUSSEX Yale University

RALPH B. L. GWATKIN

The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Volume 1

OOGENESIS Edited by Leon W. Browder

Volume 2

THE CELLULAR BASIS OF MORPHOGENESIS Edited by Leon W. Browder

Volume 3

THE CELL SURFACE IN DEVELOPMENT AND CANCER Edited by Malcolm S. Steinberg

Volume 4

MANIPULATION OF MAMMALIAN DEVELOPMENT Edited by Ralph B. 1. Gwatkin

Developmental Biology A COMPREHENSIVE SYNTHESIS Volume 4

Manipulation of Mammalian Development

Edited by

RALPH B. L. GWATKIN The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, Ohio

PLENUM PRESS. NEW YORK AND LONDON

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data (Revised for vols. 3 & 4) Developmental biology. Includes bibliographies and index. -v. 3. The cell surface in development and cancerContents: v. 1. Oogenesisv. 4. Manipulation of mammalian development. 1. Developmental biology-Collected works. 1. Browder, Leon W. QH491.D426 1985 574.3 85-3406 ISBN -13:978-1-4612-9265-4 e- ISBN -13:978-1-4613-2143-9 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2143-9

Cover illustration: Scanning electron micrograph of the rearranged blastomeres from a 16-cell mouse embryo after separation with calcium-free medium. Cell fate is determined by asymmetry of the new cell contacts, not by the original position of the blastomeres in the embryo. (From Chapter 9 by Martin H. Johnson.)

© 1986 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1986

A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any for-m or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher

To my wife, Selma, and to my children, Sharon, Nadine, and David

Contributors

Carole L. Banka Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 Barry D. Bavister Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, and Department of Veterinary Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715 Patricia G. Calarco Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 Katherine Gordon Integrated Genetics, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701 Bela J. Gulyas Pregnancy Research Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205

w.

C. D. Hare Agriculture Canada, Animal Disea