Material and chemical composition of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash fractions with different densities
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Material and chemical composition of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash fractions with different densities Florian Huber1 · Ekaterina Korotenko2 · Michal Šyc2 · Johann Fellner1 Received: 20 January 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Bottom ash is the main solid residue from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). The material can be utilised in the construction industry but high requirements for this option are often not met by material generated during ordinary bottom ash treatment. Hence, the objective of the present study is to investigate the suitability of density separation for bottom ash to generate mineral material fractions with different properties. MSWI bottom ash samples were sieved to a size of 2–4 mm and 4–8 mm, respectively, washed and dried before being fed to a density separation processes. Thereby, the density fractions 3000 kg/m3 were generated and, subsequently, sorted into mineral material, glass, metals and unburnt organic matter. Mineral material with a density above 2400 kg/m3 and even more above 3000 kg/m3 shows a very high content of Fe, Cu and Zn of up to 448,000 mg/kg, 61,000 mg/kg and 44,000 mg/kg, respectively. Hence, the high density fraction of mineral material could be used as a raw material for metal production. Glass with a density above 2400 kg/m3 has a Pb content of up to 87,000 mg/kg, while the Pb content of lower density glass is decreased. Keywords Waste incineration · Incineration residues · Bottom ash · Density separation · Metal recovery
Introduction MSWI (municipal solid waste incineration) bottom ash represents the largest solid residue from MSWI and amounts to about 20–25% of the waste feed into the incinerator. This incinerator bottom ash (IBA) consists generally of about 10% metals and about 90% is formed of other products of combustion and incombustible parts such as glass that can be denoted as mineral fraction. MSWI bottom ash is treated to separate the metals for recycling and prepare a mineral fraction, which is suitable for disposal on landfills or for utilisation as a construction material. Utilisation of bottom Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-020-01109-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Florian Huber [email protected] 1
TU Wien, Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135/1, Suchdol, Prague 6, Czech Republic
2
ash comprises the use as subbase layer in road construction, as aggregate in concrete production, as cement ingredient or as replacement for raw meal in cement clinker production [1]. For example in Austria, the utilisation in road construction and cement clinker production is regulated and hence legally possible. However, no utilisation takes place, because the mineral fraction of IBA generally does not comply with legal lim
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