Material testing of reconditioned orthodontic brackets
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Original article
Material testing of reconditioned orthodontic brackets Materialtechnische Untersuchungen kieferorthopädischer Brackets nach Wiederaufbereitung Susanne Reimann1, Ashalata Rewari1, Ludger Keilig1, Friedrich Widu2, Andreas Jäger3, Christoph Bourauel1 Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Objective. While all manufacturers of orthodontic brackets label these products for single use, there are commercial providers offering bracket reconditioning (or “recycling”). We conducted this study to investigate the effects of different recycling techniques on material-related parameters in orthodontic brackets, aiming to derive indications for clinical use and conclusions about the biocompatibility, longevity, and application of recycled brackets. Materials and methods. New metal brackets (equilibrium®; Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) were compared to brackets recycled by different techniques, including direct flaming with a Bunsen burner, chemical reconditioning in an acid bath, a commercial unit (Big Jane; Esmadent, IL, USA), and outsourcing to a company (Ortho Clean, Dellstedt, Germany). Material-related examinations included the following: (1) corrosion behavior by static immersion testing and use of a mass spectrometer to determine nickel-ion concentrations in the corrosive medium, (2) surface features in scanning electron micrographs before and after corrosion testing, (3) Vickers hardness using a hardness testing machine, (4) shear bond strength as defined in DIN 13990-1, (5) dimensional stability of the bracket slots by light microscopy, and (6) frictional loss as assessed by an orthodontic measurement and simulation system (OMSS). Each examination was performed on ten brackets. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results. Compared to the new brackets, those recycled in an acid bath or by a commercial provider revealed significant dimensional changes (p
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