Materials Research in Reduced Gravity 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04290-6 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
MATERIALS RESEARCH IN REDUCED GRAVITY
Materials Research in Reduced Gravity 2020 DOUGLAS M. MATSON ,1,8 ROBERT W. HYERS,2 MICHAEL SANSOUCIE,3 SHAUN MCFADDEN,4 JONGHYUN LEE,5 WILHELMUS SILLEKENS,6 and TAKEHIKO ISHIKAWA7 1.—Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA. 2.—Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA. 3.—NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA. 4.—School of Computing, Engineering, and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK. 5.—Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA. 6.—European Space Agency, ESA-ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands. 7.—Department of Interdisciplinary Space Science, JAXA, Tsukuba, Japan. 8.—e-mail: [email protected]
INTRODUCTION Reducing gravitational effects such as thermal and solutal buoyancy enables investigation of a large range of different phenomena in materials science. Reduced gravity experiments can isolate phenomena otherwise obscured in ground-based experiments, leading to new discoveries that can improve materials and processes here on Earth. In addition to ground-based and short-term drop tower, reduced gravity aircraft or sounding rocket facilities, long-term experiments in microgravity have a long history—from the early days of spaceflight to current experiments on the International Space Station (ISS). The Materials Research in Reduced Gravity Symposium was conducted as part of the 149th TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition in San Diego, CA. It involved four sessions composed of 30 presentations with contributions from more than 12 countries. The sessions concentrated on three different categories of topics related to ongoing reduced gravity research: (1) programmatic and facility status, (2) solidification, and (3) thermophysical properties. The sessions concluded with a panel discussion on how to support upcoming activities related to the National Academies Decadal Survey. The symposium was sponsored by the TMS Extraction & Processing Division, the TMS
Douglas Matson, Robert W. Hyers, Michael Sansoucie, Shaun McFadden, Jonghyun Lee, Wilhelmus Sillekens, and Takehiko Ishikawa are JOM Guest Editors for the topic Materials Research in Reduced Gravity. (Received June 16, 2020; accepted July 5, 2020)
Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division and the TMS Process Technology and Modeling Committee. A SOLIDIFICATION SNAPSHOT The papers in this topic represent a snapshot of some of the exciting new solidification processing activities currently underway on ground and in space to support reduced gravity experiments. In ‘‘A Stable Dendritic Growth with Forced Convection: A Test of Theory using Enthalpy-based Modeling Methods,’’ Andrew Kao et al. present an analytical study of how forced convection influences dendrite growth in undercooled pure nickel melts. They present an enthalpy-based technique coupled to a lattice Boltzmann method li
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