Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Studies of Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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ematical Modeling and Experimental Studies of Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells S. V. Zazhigalova, c, M. P. Popovb, c, A. P. Nemudryb, V. A. Belotserkovskyb, and A. N. Zagoruikoa, c, * aBoreskov
Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
bInstitute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia c
Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received December 30, 2019; revised February 14, 2020; accepted February 14, 2020
Abstract—This work is devoted to the mathematical modeling and experimental studies of electric-current generation during hydrogen oxidation in microtubular (MT) solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The technology of manufacturing fuel cells and the experimental technique are described. A mathematical model is constructed that describes the occurrence of chemical reactions and diffusion and heat-transfer processes. When verifying the model using the example of hydrogen oxidation in a temperature range of 600–850°C, kinetic parameters are determined that make it possible to achieve the best agreement between experimental and model data. Keywords: microtubular solid oxide fuel cell, mathematical modeling DOI: 10.1134/S0040579520040284
INTRODUCTION Electrochemical generators based on solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), capable of directly converting the chemical energy of organic fuel into electricity, are especially relevant for Russia, since most Russian territories are poorly suited for centralized energy. SOFCs can be conceptually divided into tubular and planar structures. Depending on the application, tubular SOFCs have various sizes from a few centimeters to 2 m for quick start and high power, respectively. Planar structures can be divided into stacks containing metal or ceramic connecting elements and cells with massive (supporting electrolyte) or thin (supporting electrodes) membranes, the thickness of which, as a rule, is in the range of 150–250 and 5–20 μm, respectively. Recently, an SOFC design called microtubular (MT) has been given prominence [1–4]. MT SOFCs include tubular elements whose outer diameter varies from 5 mm and smaller. The carrier element of MT SOFCs, mainly the anode, is obtained using the phase-inversion method. The main advantage of this method is that the pore size in the sample can be reduced gradually from the outer surface to the center of the microtube. This means that a controlled microstructure providing improved gas diffusion and high productivity can also provide optimal electrolyte deposition. Unlike conventional extrusion, for the electrodes obtained by the phase inversion method, a
decrease in polarization losses is achieved. Functional layers are usually applied by the controlled dip coating of a sample in an appropriate paste. MT SOFC technology is at an early stage of development and is attracting many researchers from around the world. Due to their high porosity and small size, MT SOFCs are highly resistant to the
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