Mathematical Models for Resource Management and Allocation in CDNs
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Mathematical Models for Resource Management and Allocation in CDNs Tolga Bektas¸ and Iradj Ouveysi
9.1 Introduction To achieve a cost-effective content delivery strategy that a CDN provider seeks, the resources of a CDN, consisting primarily of the network infrastructure, the content to be distributed in the network, and the caching servers (holding a set of objects) that are to be distributed throughout the network, need to be efficiently managed and allocated. Now that the customer preferences have begun to play a key role in provisioning CDN services, the provider should also take into account some specific Quality-of-Service (QoS) considerations in planning its content delivery activities. Mathematical modeling is a powerful and an effective tool that can be used to efficiently solve the resource allocation and management problems in a CDN. The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate how a variety of problems of this domain can be formulated in terms of mathematical models, and how the resulting models can be solved efficiently using the available techniques. For this purpose, we review the recent literature in the next section; simultaneously describe the relevant work and present the associated mathematical models. Solution techniques that we believe to be appropriate for the resolution of these models are described in Sect. 9.3, where we will also illustrate how these techniques can be applied to some of the models presented in this chapter. Section 9.4 offers some new models for a number of CDN architectures, and Sect. 9.5 presents their performance results. We offer our thoughts for practitioners in Sect. 9.6, provide directions for further research in Sect. 9.7 and state our conclusions in Sect. 9.8.
Tolga Bektas¸ School of Management, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK, e-mail: [email protected] Iradj Ouveysi Honorary research fellow, Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia, e-mail: [email protected] R. Buyya et al. (eds.), Content Delivery Networks, c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008
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T. Bektas¸ and I. Ouveysi
9.2 Related Work In this section, we review the relevant literature that offer mathematical models for resource management and allocation in CDNs, and at the same time present the related mathematical models. Before presenting the models, we define the terminology that will be used throughout the chapter. The term content refers to any kind of information that is available on the World Wide Web to public such as Web pages, multimedia files and text documents. Object refers to a specific item of the content, such as a sound file or a text document. The content provider issues content for the access of others, and a CDN provider (most often a commercial one) disseminates the content on behalf of the content provider. There may be a few exceptions where the content provider takes care of the content delivery itself, but in this chapter we shall assume that this task is outsourced to a
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